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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2021-1-15-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1094</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль микробиома в патогенезе иммуновоспалительных заболеваний (дискуссионные вопросы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: controversial issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра ревматологии  ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А,</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Rheumatology Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522,</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-4276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галушко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galushko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Андреевна Галушко</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Andreevna Galushko</p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egalushko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-8851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семашко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semashko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лила А.М., Галушко Е.А., Гордеев А.В., Семашко А.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лила А.М., Галушко Е.А., Гордеев А.В., Семашко А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lila A.M., Galushko E.A., Gordeev A.V., Semashko A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1094">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1094</self-uri><abstract><p>Сегодня в ревматологии все большее внимание уделяется выявлению заболеваний на максимально ранних (преклинических) стадиях, что может способствовать более благоприятному ответу на терапию. Предполагается, что доклинический период системной аутоиммунной реакции связан с нарушением регуляции иммунных взаимодействий с синантропной микрофлорой. С помощью метода секвенирования были исследованы отклонения в разнообразии микрофлоры кишечника у больных ревматоидным артритом, анкилозирующим спондилитом, псориатическим артритом. Однако остается ряд нерешенных вопросов, поскольку основное внимание уделялось каталогизации присутствующих микроорганизмов и выявлению корреляций между микробными видами и заболеваниями. Главным отличием будущих исследований микробиома у больных с иммуновоспалительными заболеваниями должно стать более пристальное изучение функций компонентов микробиоты, а не только их описание. Необходимы долговременные исследования со сбором образцов кишечного микробиома в нескольких временных интервалах: до назначения базисной противовоспалительной терапии и на фоне неэффективной терапии. Такие исследования будут способствовать разработке новых диагностических и терапевтических вмешательств. Пока они не завершены, преждевременно рекомендовать проведение анализа микробиома в качестве диагностического или прогностического инструмента клинической практики при ревматических заболеваниях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Increasing attention in rheumatology is today paid to the detection of diseases at the earliest possible (preclinical) stages, which can contribute to a more favorable response to therapy. The preclinical period of a systemic autoimmune reaction is assumed to be related to dysregulation of immune interactions with the synanthropic microflora. A sequencing method was used to study deviations in the diversity of the gut microflora in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. However, a number of unresolved issues remain, since the emphasis has been on the cataloguing of the microorganisms present and on the identification of correlations between microbial species and diseases. The main difference in future microbiome research in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases should be a closer examination of the functions of microbiota components, and not just their description. Long-term studies with the collection of intestinal microbiome samples are required at several time intervals: before disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and during ineffective therapy. Such studies will contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Until they are completed, it is untimely to recommend microbiome analysis as a diagnostic or prognostic tool for the management of rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>спондилоартриты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>spondyloarthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duvallet C, Gibbons SM, Gurry T, et al. Meta-analysis of gut microbiome studies identifies disease-specific and shared responses. Nat Commun. 2017 Dec 5;8(1):1784. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01973-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duvallet C, Gibbons SM, Gurry T, et al. Meta-analysis of gut microbiome studies identifies disease-specific and shared responses. 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