<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2021-5-7-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Труднолечимый ревматоидный артрит. Какой он?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. What is it?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-8851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Викторович Гордеев</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Viktorovich Gordeev</p><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avg1305@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-7980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олюнин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olyunin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-4276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галушко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galushko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоткин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotkin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>Barrikadnaya Street, Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; Кафедра ревматологии ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; 34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia; 22/1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гордеев А.В., Олюнин Ю.А., Галушко Е.А., Зоткин Е.Г., Лила А.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гордеев А.В., Олюнин Ю.А., Галушко Е.А., Зоткин Е.Г., Лила А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gordeev A.V., Olyunin Y.A., Galushko E.A., Zotkin E.G., Lila A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1190">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1190</self-uri><abstract><p>Широкое внедрение в клиническую практику современных подходов к лечению ревматоидного артрита (РА), рациональное использование традиционных и таргетных противоревматических препаратов позволяют эффективно подавлять воспалительную активность, сдерживать прогрессирование болезни и улучшать качество жизни больных. Вместе с тем у части пациентов даже после повторной смены таргетных препаратов не удается добиться целевого уровня активности РА. Серьезные затруднения, возникающие при ведении таких пациентов, поставили вопрос о выделении особого варианта болезни – труднолечимого (difficult to treat, D2T) РА. Наличие разнообразных вариантов D2T РА и необходимость использования персонифицированного подхода к терапии обосновывают создание специальных рекомендаций по ведению данной категории больных. Первым шагом к подготовке данных рекомендаций стало определение понятия D2T РА, недавно представленное рабочей группой EULAR. Оно предусматривает соответствие пациента трем критериям: 1) недостаточная эффективность проводимой терапии; 2) наличие активного симптоматического заболевания; 3) клиническое восприятие.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The widespread introduction into clinical practice of modern approaches to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the rational use of traditional and targeted antirheumatic drugs can effectively suppress inflammatory activity, restrain the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients. At the same time, in some patients, even after the repeated change of targeted drugs, it is not possible to achieve the target level of RA activity. Serious difficulties arising in the management of such patients raised the question of identifying a special variant of the disease – difficult-to-treat (D2T) RA. The presence of various variants of D2T RA and the need to use a personalized approach to therapy justify the creation of special recommendations for the management of this category of patients. The first step in preparing these recommendations was the definition of D2T RA recently presented by the EULAR working group. It includes three criteria: 1) insufficient effectiveness of the therapy; 2) the presence of an active symptomatic disease; 3) clinical perception.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>труднолечимый ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>ремиссия</kwd><kwd>низкая активность</kwd><kwd>рефрактерность</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>remission</kwd><kwd>low activity</kwd><kwd>refractoriness</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gabriel SE, Crowson CS. Epidemiology of, risk factors for, and possible causes of rheumatoid arthritis. UpToDate April 2019. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-of-risk-factors-for-and-possiblecauses-of-rheumatoid-arthritis.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gabriel SE, Crowson CS. Epidemiology of, risk factors for, and possible causes of rheumatoid arthritis. UpToDate April 2019. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-of-risk-factors-for-and-possiblecauses-of-rheumatoid-arthritis.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saraux A, Guedes C, Allain J, et al. Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy in Brittany, France. Societe de Rhumatologie de l'Ouest. J Rheumatol. 1999 Dec;26(12):2622-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saraux A, Guedes C, Allain J, et al. Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy in Brittany, France. Societe de Rhumatologie de l'Ouest. J Rheumatol. 1999 Dec;26(12):2622-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балабанова РМ, Дубинина ТВ, Демина АБ, Кричевская ОА. Заболеваемость болезнями костно-мышечной системы в Российской Федерации за 2015-2016 гг. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018;56(1):15-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balabanova RM, Dubinina TV, Demina AB, Krichevskaya OA. The incidence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in the Russian Federation for 2015-2016. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2018;56(1):15-21. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ. Фармакотерапия ревматоидного артрита: российские и международные рекомендации. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2016;54(5):557-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL. Pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis: russian and international recommendations. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2016;54(5):557-71. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PM, et al. EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):31-5. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217344</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PM, et al. EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):31-5. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217344</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олюнин ЮА. Оценка боли при ревматоидном артрите. Практическая значимость. Современная ревматология. 2019;13(1):121-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olyunin YuA. Assessment of pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Practical significance. Sovremennaya revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2019;13(1):121-8. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2019-1-121-128</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Олюнин ЮА, Лила АМ. Ревматоидный артрит: проблемы ремиссии и резистентности к терапии. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018;56(3):263-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL, Olyunin YuA, Lila AM. Rheumatoid arthritis: problems of remission and resistance to therapy. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2018;56(3):263-71. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira RJO, Duarte C, Ndosi M, et al. Suppressing Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Does Patient Global Assessment Blur the Target? A Practice-Based Call for a Paradigm Change. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Mar;70(3):369-78. doi: 10.1002/acr.23284</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferreira RJO, Duarte C, Ndosi M, et al. Suppressing Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Does Patient Global Assessment Blur the Target? A Practice-Based Call for a Paradigm Change. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Mar;70(3):369-78. doi: 10.1002/acr.23284</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Studenic P, Smolen JS, Aletaha D. Near misses of ACR/EULAR criteria for remission: effects of patient global assessment in Boolean and index-based definitions. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 Oct;71(10):1702-5. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201519</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Studenic P, Smolen JS, Aletaha D. Near misses of ACR/EULAR criteria for remission: effects of patient global assessment in Boolean and index-based definitions. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 Oct;71(10):1702-5. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201519</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лила АМ, Олюнин ЮА, Гордеев АВ. Оценка статуса больных ревматоидным артритом. Современные тенденции. Современная ревматология. 2020;14(2):7-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lila AM, Olyunin YuA, Gordeev AV. Assessing the status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: modern tendencies. Sovremennaya revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2020;14(2):7-13. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-2-7-13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee YC, Frits ML, Iannaccone CK, et al. Subgrouping of patients with rheumatoid arthritis based on pain, fatigue, inflammation, and psychosocial factors. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Aug;66(8):2006-14. doi: 10.1002/art.38682.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee YC, Frits ML, Iannaccone CK, et al. Subgrouping of patients with rheumatoid arthritis based on pain, fatigue, inflammation, and psychosocial factors. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Aug;66(8):2006-14. doi: 10.1002/art.38682.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emery P, Horton S, Dumitru RB, et al. Pragmatic randomised controlled trial of very early etanercept and MTX versus MTX with delayed etanercept in RA: the VEDERA trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Apr;79(4):464-71. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216539.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emery P, Horton S, Dumitru RB, et al. Pragmatic randomised controlled trial of very early etanercept and MTX versus MTX with delayed etanercept in RA: the VEDERA trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Apr;79(4):464-71. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216539.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albrecht K, Zink A. Poor prognostic factors guiding treatment decisions in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a review of data from randomized clinical trials and cohort studies. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Mar 23;19(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1266-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albrecht K, Zink A. Poor prognostic factors guiding treatment decisions in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a review of data from randomized clinical trials and cohort studies. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Mar 23;19(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1266-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Firestein GS. The disease formerly known as rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16(3):114. doi: 10.1186/ar4593.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Firestein GS. The disease formerly known as rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16(3):114. doi: 10.1186/ar4593.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weyand CM, Hicok KC, Conn DL, Goronzy JJ. The influence of HLA-DRB1 genes on disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Nov 15;117(10):801-6. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-10-801.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weyand CM, Hicok KC, Conn DL, Goronzy JJ. The influence of HLA-DRB1 genes on disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Nov 15;117(10):801-6. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-10-801.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emery P, Kvien TK, Combe B, et al. Combination etanercept and methotrexate provides better disease control in very early (≤4 months) versus early rheumatoid arthritis (&gt;4 months and &lt;2 years): post hoc analyses from the COMET study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 Jun;71(6):989-92. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201066.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emery P, Kvien TK, Combe B, et al. Combination etanercept and methotrexate provides better disease control in very early (≤4 months) versus early rheumatoid arthritis (&gt;4 months and &lt;2 years): post hoc analyses from the COMET study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 Jun;71(6):989-92. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201066.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemtsova MV, Zaletaev DV, Bure IV, et al. Epigenetic Changes in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet. 2019 Jun 14;10:570. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00570.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemtsova MV, Zaletaev DV, Bure IV, et al. Epigenetic Changes in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet. 2019 Jun 14;10:570. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00570.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nair N, Plant D, Verstappen SM, et al; MATURA investigators. Differential DNA methylation correlates with response to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Jun 1;59(6):1364-71. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez411.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nair N, Plant D, Verstappen SM, et al; MATURA investigators. Differential DNA methylation correlates with response to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Jun 1;59(6):1364-71. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez411.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alivernini S, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Tolusso B, et al. MicroRNA-155 influences B-cell function through PU.1 in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2016 Sep 27;7:12970. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12970.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alivernini S, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Tolusso B, et al. MicroRNA-155 influences B-cell function through PU.1 in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2016 Sep 27;7:12970. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12970.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakano K, Boyle DL, Firestein GS. Regulation of DNA methylation in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes. J Immunol. 2013 Feb 1;190(3):1297-303. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202572.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakano K, Boyle DL, Firestein GS. Regulation of DNA methylation in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes. J Immunol. 2013 Feb 1;190(3):1297-303. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202572.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y, Aryee MJ, Padyukov L, et al. Epigenome-wide association data implicate DNA methylation as an intermediary of genetic risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;31(2):142-7. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2487.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Y, Aryee MJ, Padyukov L, et al. Epigenome-wide association data implicate DNA methylation as an intermediary of genetic risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;31(2):142-7. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2487.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savola P, Kelkka T, Rajala HL, et al. Somatic mutations in clonally expanded cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 21;8:15869. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15869.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savola P, Kelkka T, Rajala HL, et al. Somatic mutations in clonally expanded cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 21;8:15869. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15869.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meng W, Zhu Z, Jiang X, et al. DNA methylation mediates genotype and smoking interaction in the development of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Mar 29;19(1): 71. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1276-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meng W, Zhu Z, Jiang X, et al. DNA methylation mediates genotype and smoking interaction in the development of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Mar 29;19(1): 71. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1276-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bendayan R, Cooper R, Muthuri SG. Lifetime cigarette smoking and chronic widespread and regional pain in later adulthood: evidence from the 1946 British birth cohort study. BMJ Open. 2018 Aug 29;8(8):e021896. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021896.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bendayan R, Cooper R, Muthuri SG. Lifetime cigarette smoking and chronic widespread and regional pain in later adulthood: evidence from the 1946 British birth cohort study. BMJ Open. 2018 Aug 29;8(8):e021896. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021896.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z. Sex differences in pain perception. Gend Med. 2005 Sep;2(3): 137-45. doi: 10.1016/s1550-8579(05)80042-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z. Sex differences in pain perception. Gend Med. 2005 Sep;2(3): 137-45. doi: 10.1016/s1550-8579(05)80042-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Becede M, Alasti F, Gessl I, et al. Risk profiling for a refractory course of rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Oct;49(2):211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.02.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Becede M, Alasti F, Gessl I, et al. Risk profiling for a refractory course of rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Oct;49(2):211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.02.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sluka KA, Clauw DJ. Neurobiology of fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. Neuroscience. 2016 Dec 3;338:114-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sluka KA, Clauw DJ. Neurobiology of fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. Neuroscience. 2016 Dec 3;338:114-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schrepf A, Kaplan CM, Ichesco E, et al. A multi-modal MRI study of the central response to inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2018 Jun 8;9(1):2243. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04648-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schrepf A, Kaplan CM, Ichesco E, et al. A multi-modal MRI study of the central response to inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun. 2018 Jun 8;9(1):2243. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04648-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамкин АА, Лисицына ТА, Вельтищев ДЮ и др. Факторы, влияющие на эффективность терапии у больных ревматоидным артритом: роль коморбидной психической и соматической патологии. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018; 56(4):439-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramkin AA, Lisitsyna TA, Vel'tishchev DYu, et al. Factors affecting the effectiveness of therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the role of comorbid mental and somatic pathology. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2018;56(4):439-48. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dougados M, Soubrier M, Antunez A, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis and evaluation of their monitoring: results of an international, cross-sectional study (COMORA). Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jan;73(1):62-8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dougados M, Soubrier M, Antunez A, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis and evaluation of their monitoring: results of an international, cross-sectional study (COMORA). Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jan;73(1):62-8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лила АМ, Гордеев АВ, Олюнин ЮА, Галушко ЕА. Мультиморбидность в ревматологии. От комплексной оценки болезни – к оценке комплекса болезней. Современная ревматология. 2019;13(3):4-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lila AM, Gordeev AV, Olyunin YuA, Galushko EA. Multimorbidity in rheumatology. From comprehensive assessment of disease to evaluation of a set of diseases. Sovremennaya revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2019;13(3):4-9. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2019-3-4-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рыбакова ВВ, Олюнин ЮА, Лихачева ЭВ, Насонов ЕЛ. Показатели активности ревматоидного артрита. Связь с психологическим статусом пациента. Современная ревматология. 2020;14(2):27-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybakova VV, Olyunin YuA, Likhacheva EV, Nasonov EL. Indicators of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. An association with a patient’s psychological status. Sovremennaya revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2020;14(2):27-34. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-2-27-34</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PM, et al. EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):31-35. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217344.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PM, et al. EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):31-35. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217344.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buch MH. Defining refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2018;77:966-9. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212862</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buch MH. Defining refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2018;77:966-9. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212862</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
