<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2022-3-81-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1302</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Development of leukocytoclastic vasculitis during long-term methotrexate therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: description of two clinical cases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of leukocytoclastic vasculitis during long-term methotrexate therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: description of two clinical cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Reem</surname><given-names>Diab</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reem</surname><given-names>Diab</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Reem Diab</p><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reemdiab1990@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mohammad</surname><given-names>Shahidi Dadras</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dadras</surname><given-names>Mohammad Shahidi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Azadeh</surname><given-names>Rakhshan</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azadeh</surname><given-names>Rakhshan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ali</surname><given-names>Kaddah</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali</surname><given-names>Kaddah</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-0665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Fahimeh</surname><given-names>Abdollahimajd</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fahimeh</surname><given-names>Abdollahimajd</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Hamideh</surname><given-names>Moravvej</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hamideh</surname><given-names>Moravvej</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Skin Research Center</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Department of Pathology, Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Department of Surgery, Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Reem D., Mohammad S., Azadeh R., Ali K., Fahimeh A., Hamideh M., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Reem D., Mohammad S., Azadeh R., Ali K., Fahimeh A., Hamideh M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Reem D., Dadras M., Azadeh R., Ali K., Fahimeh A., Hamideh M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1302">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1302</self-uri><abstract><p>.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small vessel vasculitis characterized by immune complex depositions involving dermal post-capillary venules. Cutaneous small vessel vasculitis is most often idiopathic but may be aggravated by secondary causes, such as inflammatory conditions, infections, neoplasms, and drugs exposure.Herein, we describe two patients with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with methotrexate (MTX) for more than ten years, who later developed generalized LCV with pancytopenia after a viral infection, one with herpes simplex virus, and the other with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Because of the worldwide use of MTX in treatment of RA, strict follow-up and preventive measures are needed nowadays, especially during COVID-19 pandemic, in order to avoid any infection which may provoke LCV with or without systemic manifestations. So, using MTX for treating RA or other similar disorders may be considered a double-edged sword, especially during COVID-19 pandemic.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>leukocytoclastic vasculitis</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>HSV virus</kwd><kwd>methotrexate</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baigrie D, Bansal P, Goyal A, Crane JS. Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (Hypersensitivity Vasculitis). In: StatPearls. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baigrie D, Bansal P, Goyal A, Crane JS. Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (Hypersensitivity Vasculitis). In: StatPearls. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chhabria BA, Nampoothiri1 RV, Rajpal S, et al. Rare Association of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis in Visceral Leishmaniaisis. Oman Med J. 2019 Jan;34(1):66-9. doi: 10.5001/omj.2019.11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chhabria BA, Nampoothiri1 RV, Rajpal S, et al. Rare Association of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis in Visceral Leishmaniaisis. Oman Med J. 2019 Jan;34(1):66-9. doi: 10.5001/omj.2019.11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blanco R, Martinez-Taboada VM, Gonzalez- Gay MA, et al. Acute febrile toxic reaction in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis who are receiving combined therapy with methotrexate and azathioprine. Arthritis Rheum. 1996 Jun; 39(6):1016-20. doi: 10.1002/art.1780390619.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blanco R, Martinez-Taboada VM, Gonzalez- Gay MA, et al. Acute febrile toxic reaction in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis who are receiving combined therapy with methotrexate and azathioprine. Arthritis Rheum. 1996 Jun; 39(6):1016-20. doi: 10.1002/art.1780390619.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kano K, Katayama T, Takeguchi S, et al . Biopsy-proven case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated vasculitis of the central nervous system. Neuropathology. 2017 Jun;37(3): 259-64. doi: 10.1111/neup.12356.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kano K, Katayama T, Takeguchi S, et al . Biopsy-proven case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated vasculitis of the central nervous system. Neuropathology. 2017 Jun;37(3): 259-64. doi: 10.1111/neup.12356.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wetter DA, Dutz JP, Shinkai K, Fox LP. Cutaneous Vasculitis. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Schaffer JV, editors. Dermatology. 4th ed. Beijing: Elsevier; 2018. P. 409-439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wetter DA, Dutz JP, Shinkai K, Fox LP. Cutaneous Vasculitis. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Schaffer JV, editors. Dermatology. 4th ed. Beijing: Elsevier; 2018. P. 409-439.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujimoto M, Kaku Y, Yamakawa N, et al. Methotrexate-associated EBV-positive vasculitis in the skin: a report of two cases simulating rheumatoid vasculitis. J Cutan Pathol. 2016 Jun;43(6):520-5. doi: 10.1111/cup.12690.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujimoto M, Kaku Y, Yamakawa N, et al. Methotrexate-associated EBV-positive vasculitis in the skin: a report of two cases simulating rheumatoid vasculitis. J Cutan Pathol. 2016 Jun;43(6):520-5. doi: 10.1111/cup.12690.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ten Holder SM, Joy MS, Falk RJ. Cutaneous and systemic manifestations of drug-induced vasculitis. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2002 Jan;36(1):130-47. doi: 10.1345/aph.1A124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ten Holder SM, Joy MS, Falk RJ. Cutaneous and systemic manifestations of drug-induced vasculitis. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2002 Jan;36(1):130-47. doi: 10.1345/aph.1A124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roongta R, Ghosh A. Managing rheumatoid arthritis during COVID-19. Clin Rheumatol. 2020 Nov;39(11):3237-44. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05358-z. Epub 2020 Sep 6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roongta R, Ghosh A. Managing rheumatoid arthritis during COVID-19. Clin Rheumatol. 2020 Nov;39(11):3237-44. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05358-z. Epub 2020 Sep 6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
