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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2023-1-24-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1384</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностическая значимость определения концентрации свободных легких цепей иммуноглобулинов в слюне при первичном синдроме Шегрена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic value of the saliva immunoglobulin free light chains concentrations measured in primary Sjцgren's syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-0391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кувардин</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuvardin</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Евгений Сергеевич Кувардин</p><p> Россия, 197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Evgeniy Sergeevich Kuvardin </p><p> 2, Akkuratova Street, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgenkuv23@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9520-453X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холопова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholopova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6–8, Lev Tolstoy Street, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-9237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белякова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 41, Kirochnaya Street, St. Petersburg 191015, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-1048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryeva</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2, Akkuratova Street, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазинг</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masing</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6–8, Lev Tolstoy Street, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1479-6551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6–8, Lev Tolstoy Street, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-3367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бехтерева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekhtereva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 41, Kirochnaya Street, St. Petersburg 191015, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-4148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслянский</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslyansky</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2, Akkuratova Street, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-0326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криволапов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivolapov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 41, Kirochnaya Street, St. Petersburg 191015, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6–8, Lev Tolstoy Street, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный  медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова»  Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>24–30</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кувардин Е.С., Холопова И.В., Белякова Е.А., Григорьева И.Н., Мазинг А.В., Ткаченко О.Ю., Бехтерева И.А., Маслянский А.Л., Криволапов Ю.А., Лапин С.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кувардин Е.С., Холопова И.В., Белякова Е.А., Григорьева И.Н., Мазинг А.В., Ткаченко О.Ю., Бехтерева И.А., Маслянский А.Л., Криволапов Ю.А., Лапин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuvardin E.S., Kholopova I.V., Belyakova E.A., Grigoryeva I.N., Masing A.V., Tkachenko O.Y., Bekhtereva I.A., Maslyansky A.L., Krivolapov Y.A., Lapin S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1384">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1384</self-uri><abstract><p>Пролиферация и гиперактивация В-лимфоцитов в слюнных железах – особенность первичного синдрома Шегрена (ПСШ). Выявление в слюне синтезируемых B-лимфоцитами белков может иметь значение в диагностике этого заболевания.Цель исследования – оценка диагностической значимости определения концентрации свободных легких цепей иммуноглобулинов (СЛЦ) в слюне у больных с ПСШ.Материал и методы. В одномоментное исследование включено 24 пациента с ПСШ в возрасте старше 18 лет. Диагноз ПСШ установлен согласно классификационным критериям ACR/EULAR 2016 г. Контрольная группа состояла из 11 здоровых добровольцев. У обследованных измеряли показатели проницаемости гистогематического барьера слюнных желез для альбумина, СЛЦ. Количественное определение СЛЦ ê и ë в крови и слюне выполнялось методом иммуноферментного анализа. Проводилось иммуногистохимическое исследование биоптатов малых слюнных желез (МСЖ) с количественной оценкой CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD21+, CD68+, CD138+ клеток. Для сравнения количественных признаков использовался U-критерий Манна–Уитни. Выявление диагностических порогов концентраций СЛЦ в слюне для диагностики ПСШ осуществлялось методом ROC-анализа. Строилась кривая операционной характеристики, рассчитывались площадь под кривой, показатели диагностической специфичности, диагностической чувствительности, диагностической точности.Результаты и обсуждение. Полученные значения соответствовали низкой проницаемости гистогематического барьера слюнных желез для альбумина и СЛЦ у пациентов с ПСШ и здоровых лиц. Медианы концентраций СЛЦ ê и ë в слюне больных с ПСШ и здоровых добровольцев составляли 1,08 [0,58; 1,91], 1,038 [0,55; 2,03] мг/л и 0,36 [0,32; 0,54], 0,35 [0,21; 0,52] мг/л соответственно. Концентрация СЛЦ в слюне больных ПСШ была статистически значимо больше, чем в контрольной группе (p&lt;0,01). Количество СЛЦ ê и ë в слюне коррелировало со скоростью нестимулированной саливации: rs=-0,483 (p=0,02), rs=-0,491 (p=0,017) соответственно. Выявлена связь между концентрацией ë-цепей в слюне и удельным количеством CD138+ клеток: rs=0,733 (p=0,025). Статистически значимых корреляций между концентрацией ë-цепей и числом мононуклеарных клеток МСЖ не установлено. На основании результатов ROC-анализа определены диагностические пороги концентраций СЛЦ в слюне больных ПСШ. Концентрациям СЛЦ ê- и ë-типов в слюне 0,56 и 0,68 мг/л соответствуют значения площади под кривой 0,84 (95% доверительный интервал, ДИ 0,69–0,98) и 0,83 (95% ДИ 0,71–0,97), чувствительность 79,2% (95% ДИ 59,5–90,8) и 75% (95% ДИ 55,1–88), специфичность 81,8% (95% ДИ 52,3–96,8) и 90,9% (95% ДИ 62,3–99,5) соответственно. Проводилось сравнение концентраций СЛЦ в слюне у больных с ПСШ, получающих и не получающих глюкокортикоиды (ГК). Группы статистически значимо не различались по клинико-лабораторным параметрам. Медиана суточной дозы ГК в пересчете на преднизолон – 10 [5; 10] мг. Значимых различий между концентрациями СЛЦ в слюне у пациентов этих групп не обнаружено.Заключение. Фиксируемые в слюне СЛЦ наиболее вероятно продуцируются локализованными в строме слюнных желез клетками. Определение концентрации СЛЦ в слюне может быть предложено в качестве диагностического теста для выявления ПСШ. Концентрация свободных ê-цепей в слюне может рассматриваться как суррогатный маркер доброкачественной B-клеточной пролиферации в МСЖ. Терапия низкими и средними дозами ГК при ПСШ не влияет на концентрацию СЛЦ в слюне.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Proliferation and hyperactivation of B-lymphocytes in the salivary glands is a feature of primary Sjцgren's syndrome (pSS). Detection in saliva of proteins synthesized by B-lymphocytes may be important in the diagnosis of this disease.Objective: to evaluate the diagnostic value of measuring the concentration of immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) in saliva in patients with pSS.Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 24 patients with pSS over the age of 18 years. PSS was diagnosed according to the 2016 ACR/EULAR classification criteria. The control group consisted of 11 healthy volunteers. Blood-salivary glands histohematic barrier permeability ratio for albumin, FLC was measured. Quantitative determination of FLC and in blood and saliva was performed by enzyme immunoassay. An immunohistochemical study of biopsies of minor salivary glands (MSG) was carried out with a quantitative assessment of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD21+, CD68+, CD138+ cells. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare quantitative traits. Identification of diagnostic thresholds for the concentration of FLC in saliva for the diagnosis of pSS was carried out using the ROC analysis method. An operating characteristic curve was plotted, the area under the curve, indicators of diagnostic specificity, diagnostic sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated.Results and discussion. The obtained values corresponded to the low permeability of the histohematic barrier of the salivary glands for albumin and FLC in patients with pSS and healthy individuals. The median concentrations of FLC ê and ë in the saliva of patients with pSS and healthy volunteers were 1.08 [0.58; 1.91], 1.038 [0.55; 2.03] mg/l and 0.36 [0.32; 0.54], 0.35 [0.21; 0.52] mg/l, respectively. The concentration of FLC in the saliva of patients with pSS was statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p&lt;0.01). The amount of FLC ê and ë in saliva correlated with the rate of unstimulated saliva flow: rs=-0.483 (p=0.02), rs=-0.491 (p=0.017), respectively.A relationship was found between the concentration of ê-chains in saliva and the specific number of CD138+ cells: rs=0.733 (p=0.025). Statistically significant correlations between the concentration of ë-chains and the number of mononuclear cells in the MSG have not been established.Based on the results of ROC analysis, diagnostic thresholds for FLC concentrations in the saliva of patients with pSS were determined. Concentrations of ê- and ë-type FLC in saliva of 0.56 and 0.68 mg/l correspond to area under the curve values of 0.84 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.69–0.98) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.71–0.97), sensitivity 79.2% (95% CI 59.5–90.8) and 75% (95% CI 55.1–88), specificity 81.8% (95% CI 52.3–96.8) and 90.9% (95% CI 62.3–99.5), respectively.Salivary FLC concentrations were compared in patients with pSS receiving and not receiving glucocorticoids (GC). The groups did not differ in a statistically significant way in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters. The median daily dose of GC was 10 [5; 10] mg in prednisolone equivalent. There were no significant differences between the concentrations of saliva FLC in patients of these groups.Conclusion. Salivary-fixed FLCs are most likely produced by cells localized in the stroma of the salivary glands. Determination of the concentration of FLC in saliva can be proposed as a diagnostic test for the pSS. The concentration of free ê-chains in saliva can be considered as a surrogate marker of benign B-cell proliferation in the MSG. Therapy with low and medium doses of GC in pSS does not affect the concentration of FLC in saliva.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичный синдром Шегрена</kwd><kwd>свободные легкие цепи иммуноглобулинов</kwd><kwd>слюна</kwd><kwd>плазматические клетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary Sjцgren's syndrome</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulin free light chains</kwd><kwd>saliva</kwd><kwd>plasma cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, et al. 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification Criteria for Primary Sjцgren's Syndrome: A Consensus and Data-Driven Methodology Involving Three International Patient Cohorts. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017 Jan;69(1): 35-45. doi: 10.1002/art.39859. 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