<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2023-4-71-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1462</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>COVID-19 и постковидный синдром у больных ревматоидным артритом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COVID-19 and post-covid syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-5357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аронова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aronova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аронова Евгения Сергеевна.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia S. Aronova.</p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eugpozd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-2054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-3911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриднева</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gridneva</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аронова Е.С., Белов Б.С., Гриднева Г.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аронова Е.С., Белов Б.С., Гриднева Г.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aronova E.S., Belov B.S., Gridneva G.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1462">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1462</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — изучить особенности течения COVID-19 и постковидного синдрома (ПКС) у больных ревматоидным артритом (РА).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включено 32 взрослых пациента с достоверным диагнозом РА, соответствовавших критериям ACR/EULAR. Все больные перенесли COVID-19. Материал для анализа получен с помощью опросника, разработанного в ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой», который пациенты заполняли в процессе беседы с врачом-исследователем.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Исследуемая группа была представлена в основном женщинами (n=29, 90%). Средний возраст больных составил 50,75±16,48 года. Среди клинических проявлений COVID-19 значимо чаще отмечались слабость/утомляемость (90,6%; р&lt;0,0001), повышение температуры тела (71,9%; р=0,0005), аносмия (62,5%; р=0,045). Помимо этого, практически у половины пациентов наблюдались дисгевзия (59,4%), усиление артралгий (53,1%), одышка при физической нагрузке (50%) и кашель (46,9%). Выявлена значимая положительная корреляция между усилением артралгий в период COVID-19 и активностью РА (r=0,72; р&lt;0,05). Стационарное лечение потребовалось 37,5% пациентов с COVID-19. В 12,5% случаев COVID-19 протекал с осложнениями. Пациенты с более высокой активностью РА чаще отмечали усиление артралгий как симптома инфекции. У 47,8% пациентов, перенесших COVID-19, зарегистрирован ПКС. При ретроспективной оценке у пациентов с ПКС установлены более высокая частота госпитализаций в инфекционный стационар и более тяжелое течение COVID-19. В дальнейшем в этой группе чаще встречались повторные случаи COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Оценка риска развития ПКС необходима для адекватного распределения нагрузки на систему здравоохранения, а также для разработки стратегии, направленной на профилактику, своевременную диагностику и лечение данного синдрома у пациентов с ревматическими заболеваниями. Для достижения этой цели необходимы новые исследования на более крупной когорте пациентов с РА и ревматическими заболеваниями в целом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the course of COVID -19 and post-covid syndrome (PCS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 32 adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of RA, who met ACR/EULAR criteria. All patients had COVID-19. Material for analysis was obtained by means of a questionnaire developed at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, which patients completed during their interview with the researcher.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The study group consisted mainly of women (n=29, 90%). The mean age of the patients was 50.75±16.48 years. Among the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, weakness/fatigue (90.6%; p&lt;0.0001), fever (71.9%; p=0.0005) and anosmia (62.5%; p=0.045) were significantly more common. Almost half of the patients had dysgeusia (59.4%), increased arthralgia (53.1%), dyspnea on exertion (50%), and cough (46.9%). A significant positive association was found between increased arthralgia during COVID-19 and RA activity (r=0.72; p&lt;0.05). Hospitalisation was required in 37.5% of patients with COVID-19. In 12.5% of cases, COVID-19 progressed with complications. Patients with higher RA activity were more likely to have an increase in arthralgia as a symptom of infection. PCS was registered in 47.8% of patients who underwent COVID-19. Retrospective evaluation of patients with PCS revealed a higher rate of hospitalisation in infectious disease departments and a more severe course of COVID-19. Subsequently, repeated cases of COVID-19 were more common in this group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Risk assessment of PCS development is necessary to appropriately distribute the burden on the health care system and to develop a strategy for prevention, timely diagnosis, and treatment of this syndrome in patients with rheumatic diseases. To achieve this goal, new studies in a larger cohort of patients with RA and rheumatic diseases in general are needed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>инфекция</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>иммуновоспалительные ревматические заболевания</kwd><kwd>генно-инженерные биологические препараты</kwd><kwd>базисные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>infection</kwd><kwd>post-covid syndrome</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases</kwd><kwd>biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs</kwd><kwd>disease modifying antirheumatic drugs</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках научно-исследовательской работы, № государственного задания 1021051503137-7.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has been conducted within scientific topic № 1021051503137-7 as a part of government task.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sparks JA. Rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Jan 1;170(1):ITC1-ITC16. doi: 10.7326/AITC201901010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sparks JA. Rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Jan 1;170(1):ITC1-ITC16. doi: 10.7326/AITC201901010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, et al. Global, regional and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis 1990-2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Nov;78(11):1463-1471. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215920. Epub 2019 Sep 11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, et al. Global, regional and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis 1990-2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Nov;78(11):1463-1471. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215920. Epub 2019 Sep 11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soriano JB, Murthy S, Marshall JC, et al. A clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Apr;22(4):e102-e107. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9. Epub 2021 Dec 21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soriano JB, Murthy S, Marshall JC, et al. A clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Apr;22(4):e102-e107. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9. Epub 2021 Dec 21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gianfrancesco M, Hyrich KL, Al-Adely S, et al. Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jul;79(7):859-866. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871. Epub 2020 May 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gianfrancesco M, Hyrich KL, Al-Adely S, et al. Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jul;79(7):859-866. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871. Epub 2020 May 29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Izadi Z, Gianfrancesco MA, Aguirre A, et al. Development of a prediction model for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with rheumatic diseases: results from the Global Rheumatology Alliance registry. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2022 Oct;4(10):872-882. doi: 10.1002/acr2.11481. Epub 2022 Jul 22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izadi Z, Gianfrancesco MA, Aguirre A, et al. Development of a prediction model for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with rheumatic diseases: results from the Global Rheumatology Alliance registry. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2022 Oct;4(10):872-882. doi: 10.1002/acr2.11481. Epub 2022 Jul 22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strangfeld A, Schafer M, Gianfrancesco MA, et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic diseases: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jul; 80(7):930-942. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219498. Epub 2021 Jan 27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strangfeld A, Schafer M, Gianfrancesco MA, et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic diseases: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jul; 80(7):930-942. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219498. Epub 2021 Jan 27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Izadi Z, Brenner EJ, Mahil SK, et al. Association between tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and the risk of hospitalization or death among patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease and COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2129639. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.29639.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izadi Z, Brenner EJ, Mahil SK, et al. Association between tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and the risk of hospitalization or death among patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease and COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2129639. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.29639.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gianfrancesco MA, Leykina LA, Izadi Z, et al. Association of race and ethnicity with COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Physician registry. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Mar;73(3):374-380. doi: 10.1002/art.41567. Epub 2021 Feb 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gianfrancesco MA, Leykina LA, Izadi Z, et al. Association of race and ethnicity with COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Physician registry. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Mar;73(3):374-380. doi: 10.1002/art.41567. Epub 2021 Feb 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Izadi Z, Gianfrancesco MA, Schmajuk G, et al. Environmental and societal factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic disease: an observational study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2022 Sep;4(9):e603-e613. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00192-8. Epub 2022 Jul 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izadi Z, Gianfrancesco MA, Schmajuk G, et al. Environmental and societal factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic disease: an observational study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2022 Sep;4(9):e603-e613. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00192-8. Epub 2022 Jul 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conway R, Grimshaw AA, Konig MF, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatic diseases: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022 May;74(5):766-775. doi: 10.1002/art.42030. Epub 2022 Mar 28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conway R, Grimshaw AA, Konig MF, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatic diseases: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022 May;74(5):766-775. doi: 10.1002/art.42030. Epub 2022 Mar 28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paik JJ, Sparks JA, Kim AHJ. Immunogenicity, breakthrough infection, and underlying disease flare after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among individuals with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2022 Aug;65:102243. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102243. Epub 2022 May 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paik JJ, Sparks JA, Kim AHJ. Immunogenicity, breakthrough infection, and underlying disease flare after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among individuals with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2022 Aug;65:102243. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102243. Epub 2022 May 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Silva KM, Serling-Boyd N, Wallwork R, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatic disease: a comparative cohort study from a US ‘hot spot'. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Sep;79(9):1156-1162. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217888. Epub 2020 May 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Silva KM, Serling-Boyd N, Wallwork R, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatic disease: a comparative cohort study from a US ‘hot spot'. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Sep;79(9):1156-1162. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217888. Epub 2020 May 26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsu TY, D'Silva KM, Patel NJ, et al. Laboratory trends, hyperinflammation, and clinical outcomes for patients with a systemic rheumatic disease admitted to hospital for COVID-19: a retrospective, comparative cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021 Sep;3(9): e638-e647. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00140-5. Epub 2021 May 28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsu TY, D'Silva KM, Patel NJ, et al. Laboratory trends, hyperinflammation, and clinical outcomes for patients with a systemic rheumatic disease admitted to hospital for COVID-19: a retrospective, comparative cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021 Sep;3(9): e638-e647. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00140-5. Epub 2021 May 28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patel NJ, D'Silva KM, Li MD, et al. Assessing the Severity of COVID-19 Lung Injury in Rheumatic Diseases Versus the General Population Using Deep Learning-Derived Chest Radiograph Scores. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2023 Mar;75(3):657-666. doi: 10.1002/acr.24883.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patel NJ, D'Silva KM, Li MD, et al. Assessing the Severity of COVID-19 Lung Injury in Rheumatic Diseases Versus the General Population Using Deep Learning-Derived Chest Radiograph Scores. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2023 Mar;75(3):657-666. doi: 10.1002/acr.24883.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Silva KM, Serling-Boyd N, Hsu TY, et al. SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jun;80(6):817-819. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219808. Epub 2021 Jan 12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Silva KM, Serling-Boyd N, Hsu TY, et al. SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jun;80(6):817-819. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219808. Epub 2021 Jan 12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">England BR, Roul P, Yang Y, et al. Risk of COVID-19 in rheumatoid arthritis: a national veterans affairs matched cohort study in atrisk individuals. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Dec;73(12):2179-2188. doi: 10.1002/art.41800. Epub 2021 Oct 19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">England BR, Roul P, Yang Y, et al. Risk of COVID-19 in rheumatoid arthritis: a national veterans affairs matched cohort study in atrisk individuals. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Dec;73(12):2179-2188. doi: 10.1002/art.41800. Epub 2021 Oct 19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y, D'Silva KM, Jorge AM, et al. Increased risk of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a general population-based cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 May;74(5):741-747. doi: 10.1002/acr.24831. Epub 2022 Mar 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y, D'Silva KM, Jorge AM, et al. Increased risk of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a general population-based cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 May;74(5):741-747. doi: 10.1002/acr.24831. Epub 2022 Mar 8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vergnes JN. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 22;384(16):1577. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2036242. Epub 2021 Feb 17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vergnes JN. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 22;384(16):1577. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2036242. Epub 2021 Feb 17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 4;384(5):403-416. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2035389. Epub 2020 Dec 30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 4;384(5):403-416. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2035389. Epub 2020 Dec 30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Widdifield J, Kwong JC, Chen S, et al. Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes among individuals with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases tested between March 1 and Nov 22, 2021 in Ontario, Canada: a population-based analysis. Lancet Rheumatol. 2022 Jun;4(6): e430-e440. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00096-0. Epub 2022 Apr 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Widdifield J, Kwong JC, Chen S, et al. Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes among individuals with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases tested between March 1 and Nov 22, 2021 in Ontario, Canada: a population-based analysis. Lancet Rheumatol. 2022 Jun;4(6): e430-e440. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00096-0. Epub 2022 Apr 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
