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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2024-1-62-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани с ювенильным началом: результаты одноцентрового ретроспективного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mixed connective tissue disease with juvenile onset: results of a retrospective single-center study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0513-6826</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каледа</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaleda</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1842-0348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никишина</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikishina</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-5062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латыпова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latypova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8469-8423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдкина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudkina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-5210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верижникова</surname><given-names>Ж. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Verizhnikova</surname><given-names>Zh. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1648-7848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповаленко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-8630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пачкория</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pachkoria</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каледа М.И., Никишина И.П., Латыпова А.Н., Юдкина Н.Н., Верижникова Ж.Г., Шаповаленко А.Н., Пачкория Т.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каледа М.И., Никишина И.П., Латыпова А.Н., Юдкина Н.Н., Верижникова Ж.Г., Шаповаленко А.Н., Пачкория Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaleda M.I., Nikishina I.P., Latypova A.N., Yudkina N.N., Verizhnikova Z.G., Shapovalenko A.N., Pachkoria T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1533">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1533</self-uri><abstract><p>Смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани (СЗСТ) относится к категории очень редких системных аутоиммунных болезней, в практике детского ревматолога на его долю приходится 0,1–0,6% случаев. Для СЗСТ характерны широкий спектр клинических проявлений и высокая частота крайне неспецифических симптомов в дебюте с постепенным медленным формированием общей картины заболевания. Диагноз часто запаздывает и верифицируется уже на продвинутой стадии органных нарушений c развитием необратимых повреждений.</p><p>Цель исследования – в открытом одноцентровом сплошном ретроспективнои исследовании среди позитивных по антителам к рибонуклеопротеину (анти-РНП) больных выделить группу пациентов, соответствующих критериям СЗСТ, и проанализировать у них демографические, клинические и лабораторные особенности, а также терапию.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены все позитивные по анти-РНП пациенты, госпитализированные в детское отделение ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой» с 2019 по 2023 г. и соответствовавшие хотя бы одному из вариантов критериев СЗСТ (критерии Касукавы, Аларкона-Сеговии, Кана и Шарпа).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Критериям СЗСТ соответствовали 18 (56,25%, 17 девочек и 1 мальчик) из 32 пациентов, позитивных по анти-РНП. Наиболее часто больные подходили под комбинацию критериев – Шарпа и Кана (n=8) или Аларкона-Сеговии и Кана (n=8). Медиана возраста начала СЗСТ составила 12,2 [9,7; 13,9] года. Самыми частыми клиническими проявлениями были артрит (100%), различные поражения кожи (94,4%), синдром Рейно (88,9%), лимфаденопатия (72,2%), общеконституциональные нарушения (50%). Синдром Шегрена (СШ) диагностирован у 17 (94,4%) пациентов. У всех больных обнаружен антинуклеарный фактор (АНФ) 1/1280, а уровень анти-РНП составлял &gt;200 Ед/мл. Встречались также антитела к двуспиральной ДНК (n=5), Ro- (n=4) и Sm- (n=5) антигенам. У 6 пациентов выявлен IgM ревматоидный фактор, у 10 – гипергаммаглобулинемия. Капилляроскопические изменения ногтевого ложа с преобладанием склеродермического типа обнаружены у 77,8% пациентов. Наиболее часто встречалось сочетание синдрома Рейно, артрита, СШ, лимфаденопатии и гипергаммаглобулинемии (50%).</p><p>Все больные получали глюкокортикоиды, 9 – гидроксихлорохин, 8 – метотрексат, 3 – микофенолата мофетил, 1 – циклофосфан, 1 – азатиоприн. Генно-инженерный биологический препарат (ГИБП) был назначен 12 (66,7%) пациентам: 3 – ритуксимаб, 8 – абатацепт, 1 – белимумаб, при этом наблюдались приемлемый профиль безопасности и начальная эффективность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Большинство пациентов в исследовании соответствовали критериям Кана. Лишь 2 больных отвечали всем вариантам критериев, что указывает на необходимость использования комбинации критериев при подозрении на СЗСТ. Сочетание синдрома Рейно, артрита, СШ, лимфаденопатии и гипергаммаглобулинемии наблюдалось у половины больных с СЗСТ. Наличие синдрома Рейно, высокого титра АНФ у детей с ревматическими заболеваниями, особенно с полиморфной клинической картиной, требует включения СЗСТ в круг дифференцируемых состояний. Предварительные результаты свидетельствуют о безопасности применения ГИБП у детей с СЗСТ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is one of the very rare systemic autoimmune diseases; it accounts for 0.1–0.6% of cases in pediatric rheumatologists' practices. MCTD is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and a high frequency of extremely unspecific symptoms at the onset, with the overall picture of the disease forming slowly and gradually. The diagnosis is often delayed and confirmed only at an advanced stage of organ dysfunction with the development of irreversible changes.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify a group of patients fulfilling the criteria for MCTD in an open, single-center, continuous retrospective study among anti-ribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibody-positive patients and to analyze their demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. All anti-RNP-positive patients admitted to the pediatric department of V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology from 2019 to 2023 and meeting at least one of the variants of the MCTD criteria (Kasukawa, Alarcуn-Segovia, Kahn and Sharp criteria) were included in the study.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. 18 (56.25%, 17 girls and 1 boy) of 32 anti-RNP-positive patients fulfilled criteria for MCTD. Patients most frequently fulfilled a combination of criteria – Sharp and Kahn (n=8) or Alarcуn-Segovia and Kahn (n=8). The median age of onset of MCTD was 12.2 [9.7; 13.9] years. The most common clinical manifestations were arthritis (100%), various skin lesions (94.4 %), Raynaud's phenomenon (88.9%), lymphadenopathy (72.2%) and general constitutional disorders (50%). Sjögren's syndrome (SS) was diagnosed in 17 (94.4%) patients. All patients had antinuclear factor (ANF) 1/1280, and the anti-RNP level was &gt;200 U/ml. There were also antibodies against double-stranded DNA (n=5), Ro- (n=4) and Sm- (n=5) antigens. An IgM rheumatoid factor was detected in 6 patients and hypergammaglobulinemia in 10 patients. Capillaroscopic changes in the nailfold with predominant scleroderma type were found in 77.8% of patients. The most common combination was of Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, SS, lymphadenopathy and hypergammaglobulinemia (50%). All patients received glucocorticoids, 9 – hydroxychloroquine, 8 – methotrexate, 3 – mycophenolate mofetil, 1 – cyclophosphamide, 1 – azathioprine. Biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) were prescribed to 12 (66.7%) patients: 3 – rituximab, 8 – abatacept, 1 – belimumab, with an acceptable safety profile and initial efficacy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Most patients in the study met the Kahn criteria. Only 2 patients met all variants of the criteria, which indicates the need to use a combination of criteria when a MCTD is suspected. A combination of Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, SS, lymphadenopathy and hypergammaglobulinemia was observed in half of patients with MCTD. The presence of Raynaud's phenomenon and high ANF titer in children with rheumatic diseases, especially with a polymorphic clinical picture, requires the inclusion of MCTD in differential diagnosis. Preliminary results indicate the safety of the use of biologic drugs in children with MCTD.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани</kwd><kwd>антитела к рибонуклеопротеину</kwd><kwd>детский возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mixed connective tissue disease</kwd><kwd>antibodies against ribonucleoprotein</kwd><kwd>childhood</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках фундаментальной научной темы №1021051302580-4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrara CA, La Rocca G, Ielo G, et al. Towards Early Diagnosis of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease: Updated Perspectives. 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