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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2025-2-7-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT ISSUE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деплеционно-реституционная терапия аутоиммунных ревматических заболеваний. Часть 1. Фундаментальные предпосылки и эффективность современных технологий лечения: анти-В-клеточные препараты и CAR-T-терапия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Depletion-restitution therapy for autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Part 1. Fundamental prerequisites and efficacy of modern treatment technologies: anti-B-cell drugs and CAR-T therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>1, Barrikadnaya Street, Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-4148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслянский</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslyanskiy</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>2, Akkuratova Street, Saint-Petersburg 197341</p><p>7–9, Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint-Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-0464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дибров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dibrov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данил Алексеевич Дибров</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danil Alekseevich Dibrov</p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dibrovd995@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-2107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгашина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgashina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоткин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotkin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-1623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119421, Москва, Ленинский просп., 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>111, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119421</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia; St Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Р-ФАРМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>R-Pharm JSC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лила А.М., Маслянский А.Л., Дибров Д.А., Торгашина А.В., Зоткин Е.Г., Самсонов М.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лила А.М., Маслянский А.Л., Дибров Д.А., Торгашина А.В., Зоткин Е.Г., Самсонов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lila A.M., Maslyanskiy A.L., Dibrov D.A., Torgashina A.V., Zotkin E.G., Samsonov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1734">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1734</self-uri><abstract><p>Ключевым звеном патогенеза системных аутоиммунных ревматических заболеваний являются нарушение иммунологической толерантности и формирование пула аутореактивных клеток. Последствиями этого становятся неконтролируемая активация эффекторного звена клеточного (Т-лимфоциты) и гуморального (В-лимфоциты и плазматические клетки) звеньев иммунитета, пролиферация аутореактивных клонов, формирование и персистенция клеток иммунологической памяти. При этом Т-, В- и плазматические клетки иммунологической памяти во взаимодействии с комплексом патогенных сигналов микроокружения обеспечивают стабильность и адаптивность формирующегося воспалительного процесса.</p><p>В современной клинической практике при назначении лекарственных препаратов превалирует подход «терапевтической пирамиды» с постепенной эскалацией воздействия до достижения ремиссии. Он не затрагивает механизмы иммунологической толерантности, в связи с чем проводится пожизненно и ассоциирован с множеством нежелательных явлений.</p><p>Предлагается использование термина «деплеционно-реституционная терапия» – ДРТ [depletion (англ.) – опустошение, истощение; restitutio ad integrum (лат.) – восстановление до первоначального, полное восстановление] для альтернативного подхода, который характеризует методы, основанные на массивном кратковременном цитотоксическом воздействии, приводящем к глубокой редукции патогенных аутореактивных клеточных клонов с последующей репопуляцией за счет «наивных» клеточных элементов и, соответственно, восстановлению механизмов толерантности и формированию сверхдлительной безлекарственной ремиссии. В настоящее время принципы ДРТ уже интегрированы в онкогематологии и неврологии. Наиболее перспективными потенциальными мишенями такой терапии в ревматологии считаются эффекторы гуморального звена иммунитета: В-клетки, плазмобласты и плазматические клетки. К наиболее перспективным средствам реализации данного подхода можно отнести CAR-T-клетки и терапевтические биспецифические моноклональные антитела.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The key element in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases is the breakdown of immunological tolerance and the formation of a pool of autoreactive cells. This leads to uncontrolled activation of the effector arm of cellular (T-lymphocytes) and humoral (B-lymphocytes and plasma cells) immunity, proliferation of autoreactive clones, and the formation and persistence of immunological memory cells. In this process, T-cells, B-cells, and plasma cells of immunological memory, in interaction with a complex of pathogenic signals from the microenvironment, ensure the stability and adaptability of the developing inflammatory process.</p><p>In modern clinical practice, the prevailing approach to prescribing medications is the "therapeutic pyramid" strategy, which involves gradual escalation of treatment until remission is achieved. This approach does not address the mechanisms of immunological tolerance and, as a result, requires lifelong therapy and is associated with numerous adverse effects.</p><p>The term “depletion-restitution therapy” is proposed (from English “depletion” – exhaustion; and Latin “restitutio ad integrum” – restoration to the original state, complete recovery) to describe an alternative approach. This approach is characterized by methods based on massive, shortterm cytotoxic impact, leading to profound reduction of pathogenic autoreactive cellular clones, followed by repopulation with "naive" cellular elements. Consequently, this restores tolerance mechanisms and enables the formation of ultra-long, drug-free remissions.</p><p>Currently, the principles of depletion-restitution therapy have already been integrated into oncology, hematology, and neurology. Among the most promising potential targets for such therapy in rheumatology are the effectors of the humoral immune system: B-cells, plasmablasts, and plasma cells. At the present stage, the most promising methods for implementing this approach are CAR-T cells and therapeutic bispecific monoclonal antibodies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деплеционная терапия</kwd><kwd>деплеционно-реституционная терапия</kwd><kwd>В-клетки</kwd><kwd>плазматические клетки</kwd><kwd>биспецифические антитела</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depletion therapy</kwd><kwd>depletion-restitution therapy</kwd><kwd>B-cells</kwd><kwd>plasma cells</kwd><kwd>bispecific antibodies</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках фундаментальной темы 125020501434-1</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed as a part of the basic scientific topic 125020501434-1</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ. 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