mrjСовременная ревматологияModern Rheumatology Journal1996-70122310-158XIMA-PRESS, LLC10.14412/1996-7012-2025-2-32-38mrj-1737Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONSИсследование антифосфолипидных антител иммуноферментным и хемилюминесцентным методамиAssessment of antiphospholipid antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent methodhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-2522РешетнякТ. М.ReshetnyakT. M.

Татьяна Магомедалиевна Решетняк

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1

Tatyana Magomedalievna Reshetnyak

34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

2/1, Barrikadnaya Street, Build. 1, Moscow 125993

t_reshetnyak@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3246-1157ЧеркасоваМ. В.CherkasovaM. V.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-4932ЧельдиеваФ. А.CheldievaF. A.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-7670НурбаеваК. С.NurbaevaK. S.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080ЛилаА. М.LilaA. M.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1

34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

2/1, Barrikadnaya Street, Build. 1, Moscow 125993

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииРоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian FederationФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииРоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation2025220420251923238Copyright © Решетняк Т.М., Черкасова М.В., Чельдиева Ф.А., Нурбаева К.С., Лила А.М., 20252025Решетняк Т.М., Черкасова М.В., Чельдиева Ф.А., Нурбаева К.С., Лила А.М.Reshetnyak T.M., Cherkasova M.V., Cheldieva F.A., Nurbaeva K.S., Lila A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1737

Антифосфолипидные антитела (аФЛ) являются признаком приобретенной тромбофилии и ассоциируются с рецидивирующими тромбозами и акушерской патологией. В классификационных критериях 2006 г. к серологическим маркерам антифосфолипидного синдрома (АФС) относятся волчаночный антикоагулянт, антитела к кардиолипину (аКЛ) и â2-гликопротеину 1 (анти- â2-GP1) классов IgG и IgM в средних и высоких концентрациях. Задача стандартизации уровней аФЛ остается нерешенной, что приводит к вариативности результатов.

Цель исследования – оценка сопоставимости результатов определения IgG/IgM аКЛ и IgG/IgM анти- â2-ГП1 с помощью иммуноферментного (ИФА) и хемилюминесцентного (ХЛА) анализов.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Была исследована периферическая кровь у 192 пациентов (147 женщин и 45 мужчин), у 55 (29%) из которых был первичный АФС, у 12 (6%) – вероятный АФС, у 61 (32%) – системная красная волчанка (СКВ) с АФС и у 64 (33%) – СКВ без АФС. У всех участников определяли IgG/IgM аКЛ и IgG/IgM анти-â2-ГП1 методом ИФА. Методом ХЛА исследовали IgG/IgM аКЛ у 192 пациентов и IgG/IgМ анти- â2-ГП1 у 191.

Результаты и обсуждение

Результаты и обсуждение. Оценка сопоставимости результатов ИФА и ХЛА показала существенные расхождения по позитивным значениям. Так, в 16% случаев отмечалось расхождение по уровням IgG аКЛ и IgM аКЛ по данным обоих методов (n=30 и n=31 соответственно), в 18% – по уровню IgG анти-С-ГП1 (n=34) и в 15% – по уровню IgM анти- â2-GP1 (n=28). В большей степени эти расхождения были связаны с более частым выявлением аФЛ в ХЛА при их отрицательных уровнях в ИФА, что свидетельствует о большей информативности метода ХЛА.

Однако небольшое количество пациентов были позитивны по аФЛ в ИФА, но негативны в ХЛА: 5 – с IgG аКЛ, 4 – с IgM аКЛ, 6 – с IgG анти- â2-ГП1 и 2 – с IgM анти-â2-ГП1.

Заключение

Заключение. Показано, что ХЛА является более информативным методом определения IgG аКЛ и IgG анти-â2-ГП1, чем ИФА (p<0,05).

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are a sign of acquired thrombophilia and are associated with recurrent thrombosis and obstetric pathology. According 2006 classification criteria, serological markers of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) include lupus anticoagulant, moderate and high levels of antibodies to cardiolipin (aСL) and â2-glycoprotein 1 (anti- â2-GP1) IgG and IgM. The task of standardizing aPL values remains unresolved, leading to variability in results.

Objective

Objective: to evaluate the comparability of IgG/IgM aCL and IgG/IgM anti- â2-GP1 measurement results using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence (CLU) tests.

Material and methods

Material and methods. Peripheral blood from 192 patients (147 women and 45 men) was analyzed, 55 patients (29%) had primary APS, 12 (6%) had probable APS, 61 (32%) had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and APS, and 64 (33%) had SLE without APS. IgG/IgM aCL and IgG/IgM anti- â2-GP1 were determined in all participants by ELISA. By CLU method IgG/IgM aCL were analyzed in 192 patients and IgG/IgM anti- â2-GP1 in 191 patients.

Results and discussion

Results and discussion. The evaluation of the comparability of the results of ELISA and CLU revealed considerable discrepancies in the positive tests. Thus, in 16% of cases, a discrepancy was found in the levels of IgG aCL and IgM aCL by both methods (n=30 and n=31, respectively), in 18% in the level of IgG anti- â2-GP1 (n=34) and in 15% in the level of IgM anti- â2-GP1 (n=28).These discrepancies were to a greater extent associated with a more frequent detection of aPL in CLU when their values were negative in ELISA , indicating the greater information capacity of the CLU method.

However, a small number of patients were positive for aPL in ELISA but negative in CLU: 5 with IgG aCL, 4 with IgM aCL, 6 with IgG anti-â2-GP1, and 2 with IgM anti- â2-GP1 .

Conclusion

Conclusion. CLU is shown to be a more informative method for determining IgG aCL and IgG anti- â2-GP1 than ELISA (p<0.05).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.