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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2025-4-72-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ревматоидный артрит и фибромиалгия: негативная синергия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia: a negative synergy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-0711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Андрей Евгеньевич Каратеев, д.м.н., начальник отдела воспалительных заболеваний суставов, заведующий лабораторией патофизиологии боли и клинического  полиморфизма ревматических заболеваний,</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Evgenyevich Karateev,</p><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aekarat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-8620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-5447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полищук</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polishchuk</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-9442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махмудов</surname><given-names>Х. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhmudov</surname><given-names>H. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>734003, Душанбе, просп. Рудаки, 139</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>139, Rudaki Avenue, Dushanbe 734003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522;</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya Street, Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Таджикский государственный медицинский университет им. Абуали ибни Сино</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каратеев А.Е., Филатова Е.С., Полищук Е.Ю., Махмудов Х.Р., Лила А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каратеев А.Е., Филатова Е.С., Полищук Е.Ю., Махмудов Х.Р., Лила А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karateev A.E., Filatova E.S., Polishchuk E.Y., Makhmudov H.R., Lila A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1812">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1812</self-uri><abstract><p>Фибромиалгия (ФМ) характеризуется сочетанием хронической распространенной мышечной боли и широкого спектра ассоциированных психосоматических проявлений, таких как утомляемость, нарушения сна, общая скованность, депрессия, тревожность, когнитивные расстройства. В основе патогенеза ФМ лежит феномен центральной сенситизации, возникновение которого связывают с врожденными и приобретенными нейроэндокринными нарушениями, а также с аутоиммунными процессами.</p><p>ФМ является одним из наиболее частых коморбидных заболеваний при ревматоидном артрите (РА). Если распространенность ФМ в популяции составляет 2–4%, то при РА она достигает 15–30% (в среднем – около 20%). Учитывая, что при раннем РА частота ФМ существенно ниже (4–9%), следует думать о развитии этого заболевания по мере прогрессирования РА. Вероятно, на высокую частоту ФМ при РА влияет общность патогенеза хронической боли, связанного с дисфункцией ноцицептивной системы.</p><p>ФМ существенно отягощает состояние пациентов с РА: в этих случаях повышается выраженность боли, утомляемости и функциональных нарушений, выявляются большее число болезненных суставов и худшая оценка состояния здоровья пациентом и, соответственно, более высокие показатели активности по стандартным индексам DAS-28, CDAI и SDAI.</p><p>ФМ также является одним из ведущих факторов, определяющих недостаточный ответ на базисную противоревматическую терапию, в том числе генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) и ингибиторами Янус-киназ (иJAK) у пациентов с РА. Сочетание РА и ФМ формирует особый фенотип «невоспалительного» рефрактерного РА (non-inflammatory refractory rheumatoid arthritis, NIRRA), выделяемого среди вариантов трудного для лечения заболевания.</p><p>Своевременная диагностика ФМ необходима для персонализации лечения РА и снижения неоправданных переключений ГИБП и иJAK. Ведение больных с сочетанием РА и ФМ плохо разработано. Возможно использование ингибиторов интерлейкина 6 и иJAK, обладающих хорошим анальгетическим потенциалом и способностью снижать выраженность дисфункции ноцицептивной системы, активного лечения ФМ с применением антидепрессантов, антиконвульсантов и др., а также немедикаментозных методов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain along with a broad spectrum of associated psychosomatic manifestations, such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, generalized stiffness, depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. The underlying mechanism of FM is central sensitization, which is thought to arise from both congenital and acquired neuroendocrine dysfunctions, as well as autoimmune processes.</p><p>FM is among the most common comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While the general population prevalence of FM is 2–4%, it reaches 15–30% in patients with RA (averaging about 20%). Given that the prevalence of FM in early RA is much lower (4–9%), it is likely that FM develops progressively as RA advances. This increased prevalence may be driven by a shared mechanism of chronic pain related to nociceptive system dysfunction.</p><p>FM significantly worsens the clinical picture in RA patients: these patients report more intense pain, greater fatigue, worse functional capacity, a higher number of tender joints, and poorer patient global assessments – factors that inflate disease activity scores such as DAS28, CDAI, and SDAI.</p><p>FM is also a major contributor to suboptimal responses to biologic DMARDs and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in RA patients. The coexistence of RA and FM may define a specific phenotype known as non-inflammatory refractory rheumatoid arthritis (NIRRA), distinguished among difficult-to-treat RA variants.</p><p>Timely diagnosis of FM is essential for personalizing RA treatment and avoiding unnecessary switching of biologics and JAKi. However, management of RA patients with coexisting FM remains poorly developed. Promising strategies include the use of IL-6 inhibitors and JAKi, which have demonstrated good analgesic potential and the ability to reduce nociceptive dysfunction. FM treatment should also involve antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and non-pharmacological interventions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>фибромиалгия</kwd><kwd>центральная сенситизация</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>клинические проявления</kwd><kwd>трудный для лечения ревматоидный артрит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>fibromyalgia</kwd><kwd>central sensitization</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>clinical manifestations</kwd><kwd>difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Лила АМ. Достижения ревматологии в XXI веке: вклад Российской ревматологии. 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