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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2025-5-13-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1835</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>CD8+CD28- Т-лимфоциты как маркер иммунного старения у пациентов с началом ревматоидного артрита в пожилом возрасте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes as a marker of immunosenescence in patients with late-onset rheumatoid arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-5580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аболешина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aboleshina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Вадимовна Аболёшина </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra Vadimovna Aboleshina </p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abolyoshina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-0896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексанкин</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksankin</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p><p>117418, Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоткин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotkin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-9175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3473-2480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мовсесян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Movsesyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9730-8224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молова</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molova</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-8707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макоева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makoeva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой» ; Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology ; Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аболешина А.В., Алексанкин А.П., Зоткин Е.Г., Авдеева А.С., Мовсесян А.А., Молова К.М., Макоева М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аболешина А.В., Алексанкин А.П., Зоткин Е.Г., Авдеева А.С., Мовсесян А.А., Молова К.М., Макоева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aboleshina A.V., Aleksankin A.P., Zotkin E.G., Avdeeva A.S., Movsesyan A.A., Molova K.M., Makoeva M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1835">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1835</self-uri><abstract><p>Ревматоидный артрит (РА), начавшийся в пожилом и в молодом возрасте, имеет различия. Одной из возможных причин возникновения РА в пожилом возрасте является старение иммунной системы, которое характеризуется утратой экспрессии CD28 на Т-лимфоцитах и накоплением «стареющих» субпопуляций, обладающих провоспалительной активностью.Цель исследования – изучить субпопуляции CD4+CD28+/- и CD8+CD28+/- Т-лимфоцитов у пациентов с началом РА в пожилом возрасте.Материал и методы. В исследование включено 100 больных РА. В 1-ю группу вошло 50 пациентов с началом РА после 60 лет (медиана возраста дебюта – 67 [63,0; 72,0] лет); во 2-ю группу – 50 пациентов молодого возраста с началом РА до 45 лет (медиана возраста дебюта – 36 [27,0; 43,0] лет). Длительность болезни составляла ≤3 года (медиана – 1 [1,0; 2,0] год). Изучены также показатели 32 здоровых доноров, сопоставимых с больными РА по полу и возрасту. Фенотипирование субпопуляций Т-лимфоцитов осуществляли методом проточной цитометрии.Результаты и обсуждение. У пациентов с дебютом РА в пожилом возрасте выявлено значительное увеличение уровня CD8+CD28- Т-клеток по сравнению как с молодыми пациентами, так и со здоровыми донорами (медиана абсолютного числа – 0,2 [0,1; 0,4], 0,14 [0,06; 0,2] и 0,1 [0,0; 0,1] соответственно). Различия в количестве CD4+CD28- клеток были статистически незначимыми. Корреляции между количеством CD28-негативных клеток и клинико-лабораторными характеристиками заболевания не установлены.Заключение. При позднем дебюте РА уровень CD4+CD28- Т-клеток значительно повышается уже на ранних этапах заболевания и может служить специфическим маркером иммунного старения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with late and early onset demonstrates distinct differences. One of the possible causes of RA onset in older age is immunosenescence, characterized by the loss of CD28 expression on T lymphocytes and the accumulation of “senescent” subpopulations with proinflammatory activity.Objective. To investigate the subpopulations of CD4+CD28+/- and CD8+CD28+/- T lymphocytes in patients with late-onset RA.Material and methods. The study included 100 RA patients. Group 1 comprised 50 patients with RA onset after 60 years of age (median age at onset 67 [63.0; 72.0] years); group 2 included 50 younger patients with RA onset before 45 years (median age at onset 36 [27.0; 43.0] years). Disease duration was ≤3 years (median 1 [1.0; 2.0] years). Data from 32 healthy donors, matched for sex and age with the RA patients, were also analyzed. We used flow cytometryfor T-lymphocyte subpopulations phenotyping.Results and discussion. Patients with late-onset RA demonstrated a significant increase in CD8+CD28- T cells compared with both young RA patients and healthy donors (median absolute counts 0.2 [0.1; 0.4], 0.14 [0.06; 0.2] and 0.1 [0.0; 0.1], respectively). Differences in CD4+CD28- cell counts were not statistically significant. No correlations were found between the number of CD28-negative cells and clinical or laboratory disease characteristics.Conclusion. In late-onset RA, the level of CD8+CD28- T cells is markedly elevated at the early stages of the disease and may serve as a specific marker of immunosenescence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd><kwd>иммунное старение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>immunosenescence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках фундаментальной научной темы FURS-2022-008 (государственное задание № 1021051503137-7).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the basicl scientific project FURS-2022-008 (state assignment № 1021051503137-7).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, редактор. Ревматология. 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