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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2026-1-90-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-1911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярные механизмы действия таурина на метаболизм клеток крови и хондроцитов хряща коленных суставов у больных с поздней стадией ревматоидного артрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular mechanisms of taurine effect on the metabolism of blood cells and chondrocytes of knee articular cartilage in patients with late-stage rheumatoid arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-2349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Четина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chetina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Васильевна Четина</p><p>Россия, 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Vasilievna Chetina</p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">etchetina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3470-9726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнарева</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnareva</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-7404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Четина Е.В., Кушнарева И.Г., Макаров М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Четина Е.В., Кушнарева И.Г., Макаров М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chetina E.V., Kushnareva I.G., Makarov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1911">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/1911</self-uri><abstract><p>Ранее мы показали, что развитие ревматоидного артрита (РА) сопровождается не только воспалением, но и нарушением центральных метаболических процессов, которое отражается на экспрессии генов энергетического метаболизма. В связи с неэффективностью используемой терапии, а также нежелательными явлениями в некоторых случаях целесообразно использовать нутриенты, например таурин.Цель исследования – определить влияние таурина на экспрессию генов, ответственных за основные пути энергетического метаболизма, воспалительную и регенерационную активность при культивировании клеток крови и эксплантатов суставного хряща у больных с поздней стадией РА.Материал и методы. Исследованы кровь и эксплантаты суставного хряща 20 больных РА (3 мужчин и 17 женщин, средний возраст – 62,2±10,9 года, средняя длительность заболевания – 18,2 года) перед эндопротезированием коленного сустава. Клетки крови и хрящи культивировали в присутствии 50 мкмоль таурина. Экспрессию генов в эксплантатах хряща определяли посредством обратно-транскриптазной и полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени.Результаты и обсуждение. При культивировании клеток крови больных РА в присутствии 50 мкм таурина наблюдалось значительное повышение экспрессии генов пируваткиназы (PKM2), сукцитатдегидрогеназы (SDHВ), разобщителя окисления и фосфорилирования (UCP2), АТФ-синтазы (АТР5В) и unc-51-подобной киназы 1 (ULK1). В эксплантатах хряща таурин также активировал экспрессию генов SDHB и UCP2 и незначительно – ULK1 (р=0,07). Более того, при культивировании в присутствии таурина исследуемых тканей наблюдалось выраженное снижение экспрессии фактора некроза опухоли á (ФНОá). Культивирование эксплантатов суставного хряща в присутствии таурина значительно увеличивало экспрессию гена коллагена II типа (COL2A1).Заключение. Таурин благоприятно влияет на состояние энергетического метаболизма, увеличивая в клетках крови и эксплантатах суставного хряща экспрессию генов, ответственных за активность окислительного фосфорилирования и аутофагии, а также снижая экспрессию маркера воспаления ФНОá. Однако, в отличие от хондроцитов хряща, в клетках крови таурин также повышал активность гликолиза и увеличивал экспрессию АТФ-синтазы. Усиление регенеративного потенциала хондроцитов в эксплантатах хряща больных РА в присутствии таурина свидетельствует о повышении экспрессии гена коллагена II типа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Previously, we demonstrated that the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is accompanied not only by inflammation but also by disturbances in central metabolic processes, which are reflected in altered expression of genes involved in energy metabolism. Given the insufficient efficacy of current therapies and the occurrence of adverse events in some cases, the use of nutrients, such as taurine, may be reasonable.Objective: to evaluate the effect of taurine on the expression of genes responsible for the main pathways of energy metabolism, as well as inflammatory and regenerative activity, during in vitro culture of blood cells and articular cartilage explants obtained from patients with late-stage RA.Material and methods. Blood samples and articular cartilage explants were obtained from 20 patients with RA (3 men and 17 women; mean age 62.2±10.9 years; mean disease duration 18.2 years) prior to knee joint arthroplasty. Blood cells and cartilage explants were cultured in the presence of 50 μM taurine. Gene expression in cartilage explants was assessed using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results and discussion. Cultivation of blood cells from patients with RA in the presence of 50 μM taurine resulted in a significant increase in the expression of genes encoding pyruvate kinase (PKM2), succinate dehydrogenase (SDHB), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), ATP synthase (ATP5B), and unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1). In cartilage explants, taurine also activated the expression of SDHB and UCP2 genes and, to a lesser extent, ULK1 (p=0.07). Moreover, cultivation of the studied tissues in the presence of taurine was associated with a marked decrease in the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-á). Culturing articular cartilage explants with taurine significantly increased the expression of the collagen type II gene (COL2A1).Conclusion. Taurine exerts a beneficial effect on energy metabolism by increasing the expression of genes responsible for oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy in blood cells and articular cartilage explants, while reducing the expression of the inflammatory marker – TNF-á. However, unlike chondrocytes, taurine also enhanced glycolytic activity and increased ATP synthase expression in blood cells. Enhancement of the regenerative potential of chondrocytes in cartilage explants from patients with RA in the presence of taurine is evidenced by increased expression of the collagen type II gene.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>таурин</kwd><kwd>энергетический метаболизм</kwd><kwd>кровь</kwd><kwd>суставной хрящ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>taurine</kwd><kwd>energy metabolism</kwd><kwd>blood</kwd><kwd>articular cartilage</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Project No 125020501431-0).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project № 125020501431-0).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diaz-Gonzalez F, Hernandez-Hernandez MV. 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