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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2015-4-25-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-650</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рекомендации по лабораторной диагностике ревматических заболеваний Общероссийской общественной организации «Ассоциация ревматологов России»-2015</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The 2015 guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of rheumatic diseases by the All-Russian Public Organization «Association of Rheumatology of Russia»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksandrovaen2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александрова Е.Н., Новиков А.А., Насонов Е.Л., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александрова Е.Н., Новиков А.А., Насонов Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksandrova E.N., Novikov A.A., Nasonov E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/650">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/650</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены клинические рекомендации по лабораторной диагностике ревматических заболеваний (РЗ), разработанные Ассоциацией ревматологов России (АРР) с учетом международных требований к методологии системного поиска и оценки качества доказательств. Основная цель лабораторной диагностики РЗ – получение объективной информации о наличии и характере иммуно-патологических изменений у пациента, что является важным инструментом для ранней диагностики, оценки активности, тяжести течения, прогноза болезни и эффективности проводимой терапии. Клиническая информативность лабораторных исследований определяется путем расчета их диагностической чувствительности и специфичности, отношения правдоподобия положительных и отрицательных результатов. Центральное место в лабораторной диагностике РЗ занимают серологические тесты, связанные с обнаружением аутоантител. Основными диагностическими лабораторными маркерами РЗ являются антинуклеарные антитела, ревматоидный фактор, антитела к цитруллинированным белкам, антинейтрофильные цитоплазматические антитела и антифосфолипидные антитела. Положительные результаты определения аутоантител входят в число диагностических критериев системных аутоиммунных РЗ, используются для оценки активности и прогноза этих заболеваний, играют важную роль в диагностике РЗ в ранней стадии, позволяют идентифицировать отдельные клинико-лабораторные субтипы РЗ, служат предикторами развития РЗ при отсутствии симптомов. Разработаны стандартные профили аутоантител, составлен перечень первичных (скрининговых), вторичных (подтверждающих) и дополнительных серологических тестов для диагностики системных аутоиммунных РЗ. Важными лабораторными маркерами РЗ служат острофазовые показатели (СОЭ, СРБ и др.), позволяющие оценить воспалительную активность болезни, характер прогрессирования и прогноз при хроническом воспалительном процессе, эффективность терапии. Другие лабораторные биомаркеры (иммуноглобулины, иммунные комплексы, криоглобулины, компоненты системы комплемента, цитокины, маркеры активации эндотелия, субпопуляции лимфоцитов, генетические маркеры, показатели метаболизма костной и хрящевой ткани и др.) имеют меньшее клиническое значение для диагностики РЗ по сравнению с аутоантителами и показателями острой фазы воспаления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper gives the clinical guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of rheumatic diseases (RDs) elaborated by the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia in terms of the international requirements for methodology of a system search and assessment of the quality of evidence. The main goal of the laboratory diagnosis of RDs is to obtain objective information on the presence and pattern of immunopathological changes in a patient, which is an important tool for the early diagnosis, assessment of activity and severity of the disease, and its prediction, and efficiency of performed therapy. The clinical informative value of laboratory studies is determined by calculating their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and the likelihood ratio for positive and negative results. Serological antibody detection tests hold a central position in the laboratory diagnosis of RDs. The main diagnostic laboratory markers of the latter are antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, and antiphospholipid antibodies. The positive results of autoantibody detection include diagnostic criteria for systemic autoimmune RDs, are used to assess the activity and prognosis of these diseases, play an important role in the diagnosis of earlystage RD, permit identification of individual clinical and laboratory RD subtypes, and serve as predictors for RDs in the absence of its symptoms. Standard autoantibody profiles were elaborated; a list of primary (screening), secondary (confirming), and additional serological tests were made out to diagnose systemic autoimmune RDs. The important laboratory markers of RDs are acutephase indicators (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, etc.) that can assess the inflammatory activity of the disease, its progression pattern, and prognosis during the chronic inflammatory process, as well as therapeutic efficiency. Other laboratory biomarkers (immunoglobulins, immune complexes, cryoglobulins, complement components, cytokines, endothelial activation markers, lymphocyte subpopulations, genetic markers, bone and cartilage tissue metabolic parameters, etc.) are of less clinical value than autoantibodies and acute inflammatory phase parameters in diagnosing RD.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматические заболевания</kwd><kwd>лабораторная диагностика</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>аутоантитела</kwd><kwd>маркеры воспаления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatic diseases</kwd><kwd>laboratory diagnosis</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>autoantibodies</kwd><kwd>inflammatory markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Александрова ЕН, Новиков АА. 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