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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2016-3-23-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска и минеральная плотность кости в прогнозировании риска перелома у женщин в постменопаузе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors and bone mineral density in predicting the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитинская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitinskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торопцова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toroptsova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">torop@irramn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Наосоновой», Москва, Россия 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia 34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитинская О.А., Торопцова Н.В., Демин Н.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитинская О.А., Торопцова Н.В., Демин Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitinskaya O.A., Toroptsova N.V., Demin N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/697">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/697</self-uri><abstract><p>Для выявления лиц, имеющих высокий риск перелома, в 2012 г. была предложена российская модель FRAX® – алгоритм оценки 10-летнего абсолютного риска переломов на основании определения факторов риска, повышающих вероятность возникновения перелома.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить чувствительность и специфичность российской модели FRAX® и рентгеновской денситометрии (DXA) для прогнозирования высокого риска перелома.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В 2013–2014 гг. на 224 женщины в возрасте 50 лет и старше (средний возраст – 62±7 лет), обследованные в 2003–2004 гг. в ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А.Насоновой, ретроспективно заполнен вопросник FRAX® при условии наличия всей информации в первичной документации. Риск основных остеопоротических переломов (ОП-переломов) оценивался в соответствии с рекомендациями Российской ассоциации по остеопорозу как без, так и с учетом минеральной плотности кости (МПК-/МПК+) шейки бедра. Диагноз остеопороза (ОП) ставился на основании критериев ВОЗ при проведении DXA.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На момент первичного обследования переломы при минимальной травме в анамнезе имели 96 (43%) пациенток, ОП в позвоночнике и/или шейке бедра – 105 (47%), значения FRAX® (МПК-) выше порога терапевтического вмешательства – 70 (31%). У 71 (32%) женщины не было факторов риска, вносимых в вопросник FRAX®. В соответствии с современными рекомендациями терапию следовало назначить 146 (65%) пациенткам. За 10-летний период переломы при минимальном уровне травмы произошли у 106 (47%) женщин, в том числе у 46 (40%) из 128 пациенток, первоначально не имевших переломов. Чувствительность алгоритма FRAX® с МПК- и МПК+ составила 41% (31–51%) и 38% (29–48%), а специфичность – 77% (68–84%) и 82% (74–88%) соответственно; площадь под ROC-кривой (AUC) – 0,66 для FRAX® МПК- и 0,69 для FRAX® МПК+. Чувствительность значений МПК позвоночника для прогнозирования ОП-переломов была выше, чем алгоритма FRAX®, и достигала 53% (43–63%) при более низкой специфичности – 61% (52–70%; AUC 0,61), а для МПК шейки бедра эти параметры составили: чувствительность – 25% (18–35%) при специфичности 89% (82–94%; AUC 0,64).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Российская модель FRAX® для основных ОП-переломов, рассчитанная как без МПК шейки бедра, так и с ее учетом, и DXA не позволяют в полной мере выявлять пациентов, нуждающихся в назначении антиостеопоротической терапии, что требует проведения дальнейших исследований с фармакоэкономическим обоснованием использования этих методов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Russian model FRAX®, an algorithm for estimating the 10-year absolute risk of fractures, which is based on the identification of risk factors that increase fracture risk, was proposed in 2012 to detect people at high risk for fracture.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the Russian model FRAX® versus dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for predicting high fracture risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. In 2013–2014, the FRAX® questionnaire was retrospectively filled in provided that all information was available in the initial documents on 224 women aged 50 years and older (mean age, 62±7 years), examined at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology in 2003–2004. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures was assessed in accordance with the guidelines of the Russian Osteoporosis Association both with and without regard for bone mineral density (BMD+/BMD-) in the femoral neck. The diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP) was based on the WHO criteria using DEXA values.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. At a primary examination, 96 (43%) patients had a history of minimal trauma fractures, 105 (47%) had OP in the vertebral column and/or femoral neck; the FRAX® (BMD-) values higher than the therapeutic intervention threshold were seen in 70 (31%) patients. 71 (31%) women had no risk factors included in the FRAX® questionnaire. In accordance with the current guidelines, therapy should be recommended for 146 (65%) patients. Over the 10-year period, minimal trauma fractures occurred in 106 (47%) women, including in 46 (40%) of the 128 patients who had no history of fractures. The sensitivity of the FRAX® algorithm with BMD- and BMD+ was 41% (31–51%) and 38% (29–48%) and its specificity was 77% (68–84%) and 82% (74–88%), respectively. The area un-der the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.66 for FRAX® BMD- and 0.69 for FRAX® BMD+. The sensitivity of BMD values in the spine for predicting OP fractures was greater than that of the FRAX® algorithm and was as high as 53% (43–63%) with a lower specificity of 61% (52–70%) (AUC, 0.61) and these values in the femoral neck were as follows: a sensitivity of 25% (18–35%) with a specificity of 89% (82–94%) (AUC 0.64).</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The Russian model FRAX® for major OP fractures, which is calculated both with and without regard for BMD in the femoral neck, and DEXA fail to identify in full measure patients who need antiosteoporotic therapy, which calls for further investigations providing a pharmacoeconomic rationale for the application of these methods.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>FRAX</kwd><kwd>диагностика остеопороза</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование переломов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>FRAX</kwd><kwd>diagnosis of osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>prediction of fractures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen ND, Frost SA, Center JR, et al. Development of prognostic nomograms for individualizing 5-year and 10-year fracture risks. Osteoporos Int. 2008 Oct;19(10): 1431-44. doi: 10.1007/s00198-008-0588-0. 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