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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2017-3-33-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-772</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты молекулярно-генетического скрининга мутаций генов NLRP3, TNFRSF1A, MVK у пациентов с аутовоспалительными заболеваниями и системным ювенильным артритом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Results of molecular genetic screening of mutations in the NLRP3, TNFRSF1A, and MVK genes in patients with autoinflammatory diseases and systemic juvenile arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салугина</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salugina</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115552</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pafon1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменец</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamenets</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115552</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каледа</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaleda</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115552</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салугина С.О., Каменец Е.А., Федоров Е.С., Захарова Е.Ю., Каледа М.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салугина С.О., Каменец Е.А., Федоров Е.С., Захарова Е.Ю., Каледа М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salugina S.O., Kamenets E.A., Fedorov E.S., Zakharova E.Y., Kaleda M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/772">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/772</self-uri><abstract><p>Аутовоспалительные заболевания (АВЗ) интенсивно изучаются. Большое значение для диагностики АВЗ имеет молекулярно-генетическое тестирование пациентов, поскольку основой развития АВЗ являются патологические мутации, обусловливающие нарушения в системе врожденного (антиген-неспецифического) иммунитета и развитие воспаления. Это касается и пациентов с системным ювенильным артритом (СЮА), который в последние годы отнесен к группе АВЗ ввиду большой схожести симптоматики. В связи с этим вполне обоснованным стало предположение, что у ряда пациентов под маской СЮА скрываются моногенные АВЗ. Известно более 25 генов, мутации в которых приводят к развитию АВЗ, наиболее распространенными и хорошо изученными являются гены NLRP3, TNFRSF1A и MVK. Эти гены вызывают развитие основных моногенных АВЗ: криопирин-ассоциированных периодических синдромов (Сryopyrin-аssociated рeriodic syndromes, CAPS), периодического синдрома, ассоциированного с мутацией гена рецептора фактора некроза опухоли (TNF-receptor-associated periodic syndrome, TRAPS) и синдрома гипериммуноглобулинемии Д/ дефицита мевалонат-киназы (Hyper-immunoglobulinemia D-syndrome, HIDS).</p><p>Цель исследования – с помощью молекулярно-генетического тестирования выявить пациентов с моногенными АВЗ среди больных с лихорадкой, артралгиями и другими проявлениями системного воспалительного ответа, в том числе среди пациентов с СЮА.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В 2012–2016 гг. в рамках скринингового обследования 184 больным (94 женского, 90 мужского пола) было выполнено молекулярно-генетическое тестирование на мутации в генах NLRP3, MVK и TNFRSF1A. В исследование включено 117 пациентов с подозрением на АВЗ (1-я группа) и 67 больных СЮА (2-я группа). Критериями включения служили наличие периодической или персистирующей лихорадки, клинических проявлений системной воспалительной реакции (кожные высыпания, артралгии/артрит, лимфаденопатия, гепатолиенальный синдром, серозит и др.), острофазовых маркеров при исключении инфекционных, онкогематологических и аутоиммунных причин. Диагноз СЮА устанавливали на основании критериев ILAR (2001). Возраст больных варьировал от 6 мес до 60 лет (М – 9,0 лет [5; 15]), длительность заболевания – от 2 мес до 54 лет (М – 3,0 года [1,0; 8,5]). Для выявления семейной агрегации генетические тесты были выполнены также 18 родственникам пациентов с генетически подтвержденными АВЗ. Молекулярно-генетический анализ осуществляли в лаборатории наследственных болезней обмена веществ ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр», Москва.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У 43 (23,4%) обследованных выявлены 15 вариантов патогенных мутаций в изучаемых генах: у 31 (16,8%) больного – в NLRP3, у 10 (5,4%) – в TNFRSF1A (в гетерозиготном состоянии) и у 2 (1,1%) – в MVK (в компаунд-гетерозиготном состоянии). В группе АВЗ мутации обнаружены у 31 (26,5%) пациента: у 24 (20,5%) – в NLRP3, у 1 (0,9%) – в MVK, у 6 (5,1%) – в TNFRSF1A. В группе CЮА мутации имелись у 12 (17,9%) больных: у 7 (10,4%) – в NLRP3, у 1 (1,5%) – в MVK и у 4 (5,9%) – в TNFRSF1A. Наиболее частыми мутациями в гене NLRP3 были миссенс-замена c. 1049C&gt;T (p.T350M), выявленная у 7 (25,9%) пациентов, а также мутация низкой пенетрантности с. 2113C&gt;A (р.Q705K), обнаруженная у 13 (28,3%) пациентов. В результате обследования были установлены генетические диагнозы: CAPS – у 19 (10,3%) пациентов, TRAPS – у 9 (4,9%), HIDS – у 2 (1,1%). В 1-й группе: CAPS определен у 17 (14,5%) больных, из них у 15 имелся синдром Макла–Уэллса (Muckle–Wells syndromе, MWS) и у 2 – CINCA/NOMID (Сhronic infantile neurologic, cutaneus articular syndrome – CINCA; Neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disorder – NOMID); TRAPS – у 6 (5,1%), HIDS – у 1 (0,9%); во 2-й группе: CAPS (MWS) установлен у 2 (2,9%) больных, TRAPS – у 3 (4,5%), HIDS – у 1 (1,5%). Из 18 родственников больных у 11 выявлены мутации и у 7 диагностированы АВЗ (у 4 – CAPS, у 3 – TRAPS).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Среди пациентов, имеющих воспалительный фенотип, в том числе проявления СЮА, почти четверть страдают моногенными АВЗ. Половине из них проведена терапия ингибитором интерлейкина 1 канакинумабом с выраженным положительным эффектом. Интерпретация диагностической значимости низкопенетрантных мутаций затруднена и требует индивидуального подхода. У негативных по мутациям пациентов диагноз АВЗ нужно устанавливать с большой осторожностью, при этом необходимы наличие клинико-лабораторных критериев заболевания, тщательная оценка данных анамнеза, особенно семейного. Решение о назначении таким больным дорогостоящей пожизненной таргетной терапии должно быть хорошо обоснованным.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are being intensively studied. Molecular genetic testing of patients is of great importance for the diagnosis of AIDs since the basis for its development is pathological mutations that cause innate (antigen-nonspecific) immunity system disorders and the development of inflammation. This also applies to patients with systemic juvenile arthritis (SJA) that has been recently assigned to a group of AIDs due to the great similarity of symptoms. In this connection, the assumption that monogenic AIDs mask SJA in a number of patients was well founded. More than 25 genes, mutations in which lead to AIDs, are known; the NLRP3, TNFRSF1A, and MVK genes are most common and well investigated. These genes cause major monogenic AIDs, such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), and hyperimmunoglobulinemia D/deficit mevalonate kinase syndrome (HIDS).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify patients with monogenic AIDs among those with fever, arthralgias, and other manifestations of systemic inflammatory response, including among those with SJA, through molecular genetic testing.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. In 2012–2016, molecular genetic testing for mutations in the NLRP3, MVK, and TNFRSF1A genes was carried out within the framework of screening in 184 patients (94 women and 90 men). The investigation enrolled 117 patients with suspected AIDs (Group 1) and 67 patients with SJA (Group 2). The selection criteria were periodic or persistent fever, clinical manifestations of systemic inflammatory response (skin rashes, arthralgias/arthritis, lymphadenopathy, hepatolienal syndrome, serositis, etc.), acute-phase markers when excluding infectious, oncohematologic, and autoimmune causes. SJA was diagnosed based on the ILAR criteria (2001). The patients' age ranged from 6 months to 60 years (mean age, 9.0 years [5; 15]), disease duration, 2 months to 54 years (mean duration, 3.0 [1.0; 8.5])). To identify familial aggregation, genetic tests were also carried out in 18 relatives of the patients with genetically verified AIDs. Molecular genetic analysis was performed in the Laboratory of Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 15 variants of pathogenic mutations in the studied genes were identified in 43 (23.4%) patients: 31 (16.8%) patients with those in NLRP3, 10 (5.4%) in TNFRSF1A (in a heterozygous state), and 2 (1.1%) in MVK (in a compound heterozygous state). In the AID group, the mutations were detected in 31 (26.5%) patients: 24 (20.5%) in NLRP3, 1 (0.9%) in MVK, and 6 (5.1%) in TNFRSF1A. In the SJA group, the mutations were present in 12 (17.9%) patients: 7 (10.4%) in NLRP3, 1 (1.5%) in MVK, and 4 (5.9%) in TNFRSF1A. The most common mutations in the NLRP3 gene were substitution-missense c. 1049C&gt;T (p.T350M) in 7 (25.9%) patients and low-penetrance mutation c. 2113C&gt;A (p. Q705K) in 13 (28.3%). Examinations established the genetic diagnoses of CAPS in 19 (10.3%) patients, TRAPS in 9 (4.9%), and HIDS in 2 (1.1%). In Group 1, CAPS was identified in 17 (14.5%) patients, of whom 15 had Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) and 2 had CINCA/NOMID (Chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous articular syndrome (CINCA)/Neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disorder (NOMID); TRAPS and HIDS were present in 6 (5.1%) and 1 (0.9%) patients, respectively. In Group 2, there was CAPS (MWS) in 2 (2.9%) patients, TRAPS in 3 (4.5%), and HIDS in 1 (1.5%). Eleven of the 18 relatives of the patients were ascertained to have mutations and 7 were diagnosed as having AIDs (CAPS in 4, TRAPS in 3).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. About one-quarter of the patients who have an inflammatory phenotype, including the manifestations of SJA, suffer from monogenic AIDs. Half of them received therapy with the interleukin-1 inhibitor canakinumab, which had a pronounced positive effect. Interpretation of the diagnostic value of low-penetrance mutations is hampered and requires an individual approach. The diagnosis of AIDs should be established in patients having no mutations with great caution, in this case, there is a need for clinical and laboratory criteria for the disease and a thorough assessment of the data of medical history of the patient, and his/her family in particular. The decision to assign these patients to receive lifetime expensive targeted therapy should be well justified.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутовоспалительные заболевания</kwd><kwd>системный ювенильный артрит</kwd><kwd>мутации генов NLRP3</kwd><kwd>TNFRSF1A</kwd><kwd>MVK</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический скрининг</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>канакинумаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoinflammatory diseases</kwd><kwd>systemic juvenile arthritis</kwd><kwd>mutations in the NLRP3</kwd><kwd>TNFRSF1A</kwd><kwd>MVK genes</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic screening</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>canakinumab</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абатуров АЕ, Волосовец АП, Юлеш ЕИ. Роль NOD-подобных рецепторов в рекогниции патоген-ассоциированных структур инфекционных патогенных агентов и развитии воспаления. 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