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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Rheumatology Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-7012</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-158X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1996-7012-2019-1-26-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrj-882</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность и переносимость селективных и неселективных ингибиторов фактора Ха в профилактике тромбозов при поражении почек у пациентов с системной красной волчанкой и антифосфолипидным синдромом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy and tolerance of selective and non-selective factor Xa inhibitors in the prevention of thrombosis in kidney disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середавкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seredavkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Валерьевна Середавкина</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Valerievna Seredavkina</p><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_seredavkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетняк</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnyak</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе 34А; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522; 22/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошелева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosheleva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>134A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой; ФГБОУДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Середавкина Н.В., Решетняк Т.М., Кошелева Н.М., Лила А.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Середавкина Н.В., Решетняк Т.М., Кошелева Н.М., Лила А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seredavkina N.V., Reshetnyak T.M., Kosheleva N.M., Lila A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/882">https://mrj.ima-press.net/mrj/article/view/882</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение ингибиторов фактора Ха оправдано в терапии тромбозов при антифосфолипидном синдроме (АФС) и активного волчаночного нефрита (ВН). Для контроля эффективности и безопасности этих препаратов используют определение анти-Ха-ак-тивности (аХа) плазмы.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить уровень аХа селективных и неселективных ингибиторов фактора Ха у больных системной красной волчанкой (СКВ) и АФС в зависимости от поражения почек.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. У больных СКВ и АФС, длительно получавших низкомолекулярные гепарины (НМГ) и селективные ингибиторы Ха фондапаринукс и ривароксабан, проспективно проанализированы данные клинических и лабораторных исследований. В исследование включено 70 пациентов (54 женщины и 16 мужчин) в возрасте 39 [31; 43] лет: 15 (21%) — с СКВ, 10 (14%) — с «первичным» АФС (ПАФС) и 45 (65%) — с СКВ + АФС.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Поражение почек было диагностировано у 33 (47%) из 70 пациентов. ВН выявлен у 15 (25%) из 60 больных: у 10 — с СКВ, у 5 — с СКВ + АФС. АФС-нефропатия (АФСн) проявлялась нарастанием уровня креатинина и мочевины при нормальном мочевом осадке в отсутствие гломерулонефрита в анамнезе и наблюдалась у 18 (33%) из 55 пациентов: у 16 — с СКВ + АФС и у 2 — с ПАФС. Терапевтический интервал аХа 0,1—1,5 МЕ/мл выявлен у 43 (61%) из 70 больных, низкая аХа — у 14 (20%), высокая — у 13 (19%).</p><p>В группе больных с АФСн клиренс креатинина (КК) зависел от уровня аХа: самый высокий КК отмечался при аХа &gt;1,5 МЕ/мл, самый низкий — при аХа &lt;0,9МЕ/мл (р=0,046). Превышение терапевтического уровня аХа чаще имело место у больных, получавших фондапаринукс, — у 9 (31%) из 29, чем у пациентов, леченных надропарином, — у 2 (7%) из 29 (отношение шансов, ОШ 1,92; 95% доверительный интервал, ДИ 1,25; 2,97; р=0,04). В группе фондапаринукса высокая аХа достоверно чаще наблюдалась у пациентов с высокой активностью СКВ — у 7 из 15 (47%), чем у больных со средней и низкой активностью СКВ (ни у одного из 7; ОШ 1,88; 95% ДИ 1,17; 3,01; р=0,037), и не ассоциировалась с ВН. Максимальный уровень аХа при отсутствии признаков кровотечения составлял 2,08 МЕ/мл.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Исследование аХа антикоагулянтов — качественный лабораторный маркер эффективности и безопасности НМГ и фондапаринукса. У пациентов с АФС нарастание аХа НМГ и фондапаринукса ассоциировалось с повышением КК и не сопровождалось кровотечением. Фондапаринукс — эффективный и безопасный антикоагулянт для лечения и профилактики тромбозов при СКВ и АФС. Терапевтическое окно аХа у таких пациентов должно быть расширено.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of factor Xa inhibitors is justified in the therapy of thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and active lupus nephritis (LN). To monitor the efficacy and safety of these drugs, plasma anti-Xa (aXa) activity is determined.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the aXa activity of selective and non-selective factor Xa inhibitors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and APS depending on how they affect the kidneys.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. Clinical and laboratory findings were prospectively analyzed in SLE and APS patients who long received low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) and selective Xa inhibitors, such as fondaparinux and rivaroxaban. The investigation enrolled 70 patients (54 females and 16 males) aged 39 years (range, 31 to 43 years) with SLE (n=15 (21%)), primary APS (PAPS) (n=10 (14%)), and SLE + APS (n=45 (65%)).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Kidney disease was diagnosed in 33 (47%) of the 70 patients. LN was detected in 15 (25%) of the 60 patients: 10 and 5 patients with SLE and SLE + APS, respectively. APS nephropathy (APSN) was manifested by elevated creatinine and urea levels with normal urine sediment and no history of glomerulonephritis and was observed in 18 (33%) of the 55 patients: in 16 with SLE + APS and 2 with PAPS. The therapeutic aXa range of 0.1—1.5 IU/ml was found in 43 (61%) of the 70 patients, low and high aXa activities were seen in 14 (20%) and 13 (19%) patients, respectively.</p><p>In patients with APSN, the creatinine clearance (CC) depended on aXa levels: the highest CC was noted in patients with aXa &gt;1.5 IU/mL, the lowest CC was in those with aXa &lt;0.9 IU/ mL (p=0.046). The levels of aXa above the therapeutic range were more common in patients taking fondaparinux (9 (31%) out of the 29 patients) than in those using nadroparin (2 (7%) out of the 29 patients) (odds ratio (OR) 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25—2.97; p=0.04). In the fondaparinux group, high aXa was more frequently observed in patients with high SLE activity (7 (47%) out of the 15 patients) than in those with moderate or mild SLE activity (none out of the 7 patients) (OR 1.88; 95% CI, 1.17—3.01; p=0.037) and was unassociated with LN. The highest aXa level with no signs of hemorrhage was 2.08 IU/mL.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The level of aXa is a qualitative laboratory marker for the efficacy and safety of LMWHs and fondaparinux. In patients with APS, the enhanced aXa activity of LMWHs and fondaparinux was associated with elevated CC and was not accompanied by hemorrhage. Fondaparinux is an effective and safe anticoagulant for the treatment and prevention of thrombosis in SLE and APS. The therapeutic window for aXa should be extended in these patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ингибиторы фактора Ха</kwd><kwd>анти-Ха-активность плазмы</kwd><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>антифосфолипидный синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>factor Xa inhibitors</kwd><kwd>plasma anti-Xa activity</kwd><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>antiphospholipid syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Feb;4(2):295-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01753.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, et al. 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