Menopausal systemic changes. Implication of calcium and vitamin Ddeficiencies in the development of postmenopausal symptom complex

Abstract

Zakonomernyy, geneticheski obuslovlennyy, involyutsionnyy defitsit estrogenov, razvivayushchiysya u zhenshchin vo vtoroy polovine zhizni, stavit pered vrachami prakticheski vsekh spetsial'nostey mnozhestvo voprosov, kasayushchikhsya profilaktiki, diagnostiki i lecheniya patologicheskikh sistemnykh izmeneniy, kotorye poluchili nazvanie «bolezni klimakteriya», ili «estrogenovyy defitsit». Serdechno-sosudistye riski, obuslovlennye defitsitom estrogena v postmenopauze, - rezul'tat umen'sheniya kardioprote-ktivnogo effekta polovykh steroidov na sosudistyy tonus, sintez endogennykh vazoaktivnykh veshchestv, funktsiyu endoteliya, obmen lipidov i lipoproteidov, gemostaticheskiy potentsial krovi i insulinorezistentnost'. Estrogenindutsirovannye narusheniya remodelirovaniya kostnoy tkani, defitsit kal'tsiya i vitamina D privodyat k razvitiyu ne tol'ko osteoporoza, no i arterial'noy gipertenzii, ishemicheskoy bolezni serdtsa, tserebrovaskulyarnykh zabolevaniy. Klinicheskie issledovaniya ubeditel'no pokazali, chto adekvatnoe potreblenie kal'tsiya i vitamina D v klimakterii sposobstvuet sokhraneniyu prochnosti kostnoy tkani, zamedleniyu protsessov aterogeneza i predotvrashcheniyu sosudistykh katastrof.